Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AEBI212 > 10. Speciation > Flashcards

10. Speciation Flashcards

1
Q

Speciation

A

Creation of new species

- Dependent on limited/absent gene flow between populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Allopatry

A

Speciation caused by geographic separation of two populations

  • Low or no gene flow
  • Believed to explain the greatest number of species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two types of Allopatric Speciation

A
  • Vicariant

- Peripatric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vicariant Speciation

A

Physical separation between two similarly sized population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Peripatric Speciation

A

Physical separation between two unequally sized population

- Islands / Invasive species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Island Rule

A

Foster’s rule

  • Insular Dwarfism
  • Insular Gigantism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Insular Dwarfism

A

Island have limited food - Smaller the better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Insular Dwarfism (Herbivore)

A
  • Large size defers predators
  • Few or no predators on island
  • Large size no longer selected for
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Insular Dwarfism (Carnivores)

A
  • Prey tends to be smaller

- Large size no longer needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Insular Gigantism

Carnivores

A
  • Often lack large carnivores on islands

- Become larger to fill the niche of apex predators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Insular Gigantism (Herbivore)

A
  • Small herbivores may stay small to escape predation

- No effective predator - Larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Centrifugal Speciation

A

Alternate mechanism of peripatric speciation

- Range expansion and contraction leads to isolation of a populartion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Reproductive Isolarion

A

Reproductively isolated

  • Incompatible reproduction methods
  • Restriction of gene flow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Parapatric Speciation

A

Overlapping range

- Still debatable theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How Parapatric speciation happens

A
  • New niche opens
  • Key innovative traits - seeds of plants
  • In naturally stratified population
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Problem of parapatric Speciation

A

The middle part

  • hyprids may be less fit?
  • hybrids become another species?
17
Q

Sympatric

A

Complete overlap

  • Plant polyploidy
  • Sexual Selection
18
Q

Plant Polyploidy and Sympatric Speciation

A
  • All even number plants can survive and reproduce

- Odd number can’t reproduce sexually but can reproduce asexually - commercial bananas

19
Q

Speciation Through Sexual Selection

A
  • Females changing preference results in speciation
20
Q

Hybrid Speciation

A

Not parapatric

- Speciation from hybridization of two different species

AEBI212 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions