10 Population genetics Flashcards
TF Population frequencies change depending on location
T
how do we detect variation in a population DNA wise ( 3 things)
- 3 main changes that are looked at
○ SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms
○ Microsatellite repeakts (STR)
○ Deletions and insertions (Indels)
SNPs and Indels are Detected by _______and can be categortized _____, ______, _____, and _______.
sequencing
§ Common
§ Rare
§ With protein coding genes
- Non-coding
microsatellites are detected by ________ and have a __________
○ Detected by PCR or sequencing
○ High mutation rate
what is a locus but not a gene
Part of DNA that is not transcribed or translated
what are haplotypes
Grp of loci that segregate together
TF All heterozygous individuals have a diff haplotype
T
what is the theory of allele frequencies
When a population mates randomly we can predict genotypic frequency from allelic frequency
for is the formula for estimating allelic frequency f(A)
f(A) = 2x homozygotes +1x heterozygotes / total # alleles
TF %allele = f(allele) = # allele/total # allele
T
TF you should do the f(A) formula for both dominant and recessive alleles
T
what is the gene pool
Sum of all alleles in breeding members of a population
if p is dominant (A) and q is recessive how do we find P(AA), P(aa) and P(Aa)
P(AA) = pxp or p^2
P(aa) = qxq = q^2
P(Aa) = 2pq
TF p^2 +2pq + q^2 = 2
F, =1 because its the sum of all P(AA)(Aa) and (aa)
what are the 3 hardy weinberg equations
p+q=1
F(A) = 2(AA or aa)+Aa/ tot # alleles
p^2 +2pq + q^2 = 1
