10. OSHA. Flashcards
- Accepted engineering practices.
Means those requirements which are compatible with standards of practice required by a registered professional engineer.
- Maximum allowable slope.
The steepest incline of an excavation face that is acceptable for the most favorable site conditions as protected against cave-ins, and is expressed as the ratio of horizontal distance to vertical rise (H:V ).
- Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring.
Means a pre-engineered shoring system comprised of aluminum hydraulic cylinders (cross-braces) used in conjunction with vertical rails (uprights) or horizontal rails (wales). Such system is designed specifically to support the sidewalls of an excavation and prevent cave-ins.
- Bell-bottom pier hole.
Means a type of shaft or footing excavation, the bottom of which is made larger than the cross section above to form belled shape.
- Close sheeting.
Means the placement of planks side-by-side allowing as little-space as possible between them.
9, Tabulated data.
Tables and charts approved by a registered professional engineer and used to design and construct protective system.
- Kick-out.
Means the accidental release or failure of a cross brace.
- Tight sheeting.
The use of specially edged timber planks, like tongue and groove at least 3 inches thick. Steel sheet piling or similar construction that resists the lateral pressure of water and prevents loss of backfill is also tight sheeting.
- Mud-sills.
Wales installed at the toe of the trench side. Wales embedded into the mud that support the uprights from kicking out.
- Occupational illness.
Any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment. For excavations this might include illnesses caused by the inhalation of toxic vapors.
- Occupational injury.
Any injury such as a cut, fracture, sprain or amputation that result from a work related accident or from exposure involving a single incident at work.
- Trench (Trench excavation).
A narrow excavation (in relation to its length) made below the surface of the ground. In general, the depth is greater than width, but the width of the trench (measured at the bottom) is not greater than 15 feet. If forms or other structures are installed or constructed in an excavation so as to reduce the dimension measured from the forms or structure to the side of the excavation to 15 feet or less (measured at the bottom of the excavation), the excavation is also considered to be a trench.
- Sides.
See “ Faces”.
- kip or spot shoring.
Individual timber uprights or individual hydraulic shores are not placed in contact with the adjacent member.
- What is meant by “preventive maintenance” in safety and accident prevention programs?
Preventive maintenance is a system of inspection to prevent break-down of equipment. Such a system of preventive maintenance is intended primarily to lessen production tie-ups by preventing equipment breakdowns, but it also has great possibilities in eliminating the causes of accidents which might produce injuries. The system is particularly effective with respect to mechanical equipment, as injuries due to mechanical equipment or machines are not only numerous, but also are usually severe.
