10 Oscillations Flashcards
defination of shm
the oscillatory motion of a body/object/oscillator whose
acceleration a is always
directed towards a fixed point and is
directly proportional to its displacement x from that fixed point.
Definition of oscillation
An oscillation is a periodic fluctuation of a physical quantity about a fixed value
Free oscillation
In a free oscillation,
there are no resistive forces or driving forces and the total energy is always constant
the object oscillates with a frequency called its natural frequency
Damped oscillation
In a damped oscillation,
The oscillation experiences resistive or dissipative forces and
The oscillating system loses energy until it comes to a stop
Critical damping
When a system is critically damped, body does not oscillate but returns to its equilibrium position in the shortest possible time
Forced oscillation
When a driving force or driver is applied periodically to an oscillating system, the system is made to oscillate at the frequency of the driver
Resonance
Resonance is the phenomenon in which there is a maximum transfer of energy from the driver to the oscillating system in a forced oscillation.
The oscillating system achieves maximum amplitude during resonance
Resonance occurs when the driving frequency equals the natural frequency of the oscillating system
To reduce maximum amplitude of resonance
Increase the degree of damping on the oscillating system
How does … damp the system
Explain how energy is dissipated
Less energy is available for oscillations so amplitude is smallter
