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AQA A-Level Physics > 1.0 Measurements And Their Errors > Flashcards

1.0 Measurements And Their Errors Flashcards

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1
Q

SI unit for mass

A

Kilogram (Kg)

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2
Q

SI unit for length

A

Meter (m)

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3
Q

SI unit for time

A

Second (s)

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4
Q

SI unit for amount of substance

A

Mole (mol)

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5
Q

SI unit for temperature

A

Kelvin (K)

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6
Q

SI unit for electrical current

A

Ampere (A)

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7
Q

SI unit for light intensity

A

Candela (cd)

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8
Q

Value of Terra (T)

A

×10¹²

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9
Q

Value of Giga (G)

A

×10⁹

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10
Q

Value of Mega (M)

A

×10⁶

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11
Q

Value of Kilo (k)

A

×10³

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12
Q

Value of Centi (c)

A

×10’²

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13
Q

Value of Milli (m)

A

×10’³

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14
Q

Value of Micro (μ)

A

×10’⁶

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15
Q

Value of Nano (n)

A

×10’⁹

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16
Q

Value of Femto (f)

A

×10’¹²

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17
Q

J to eV conversion

A

1.6×10’¹⁹

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18
Q

J to kW h conversion

A

2.778×10’⁷

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19
Q

Define random errors

A

Unpredictable deviations in the result from the true value

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20
Q

Define systematic errors

A

Constant deviations from true results due to flaws in experimental methods, instrument calibration, or environmental conditions.

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21
Q

Define zero errors

A

A type of systematic error where a reading is given when the true reading should be zero

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22
Q

Define precision

A

Degree of exactness or consistency in repeat readings

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23
Q

Define repeatability

A

The ability to produce consistent results when repeated

24
Q

Define reproducibility

A

the ability to obtain the same results when completed by another person, different equipment or different techniques

25
Q

Define resolution

A

The smallest change in a measured quantity that an instrument can detect or display

26
Q

Define accuracy

A

How close a result is to the true value

27
Q

Define uncertainty

A

The measure of how confident you can be in a measurement

28
Q

Absolute uncertainty

A

uncertainty given as a fixed quantity
e.g. 100 cm ± 1 cm

29
Q

Fractional uncertainty

A

uncertainty is given as a fraction of the measurement

30
Q

Percentage uncertainty

A

uncertainty is given as a percentage of the measurement

31
Q

Uncertainty in a reading

A

± half the smallest division

32
Q

Uncertainty in a measurement

A

at least ±1 smallest division

33
Q

Uncertainty in repeated data

A

± half the range

34
Q

The uncertainty in digital readings

A

± the last significant digit unless otherwise quoted

35
Q

Adding or subtracting data with uncertainties

A

add absolute uncertainties

36
Q

Multiplying or dividing data with uncertainties

A

add fractional or percentage uncertainties

37
Q

Raising data with uncertainties to a power

A

multiply the percentage uncertainty by the power

38
Q

How to measure uncertainty on graphs

A

Use error bars

39
Q

Directions of error bars

A

vertical - uncertainty in y
horizontal - uncertainty in x

40
Q

Error bar values

A

Shows the absolute uncertainty

41
Q

Best gradient in graph uncertainties

A

best line that passes as close to the points as possible

42
Q

Worst gradient in graph uncertainties

A

either the steepest possible or the shallowest possible line which fits within all the error bars

43
Q

Percentage uncertainty in the gradient

A

=(best - worst)÷best × 100

44
Q

Percentage uncertainty in the y-intercept

A

=(best - worst)÷best × 100

45
Q

Orders of magnitude

A

Scale of a value expressed as an order of 10

46
Q

diameter of an atom

A

10’¹⁰m

47
Q

wavelength of UV light

A

10nm

48
Q

Hight of an adult human

A

2m

49
Q

Distance between the earth and the sun (1au)

A

1.5×10¹¹m

50
Q

Mass of hydrogen atom

A

10’²⁷kg

51
Q

Mass of an adult human

A

70kg

52
Q

Mass of a car

A

1000kg

53
Q

Seconds in a day

A

90000s

54
Q

Seconds in a year

A

3×10⁷s

55
Q

Speed of sound in air

A

300m/s

56
Q

Power of a light bulb

A

60W

57
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

1×10⁵Pa

AQA A-Level Physics (9 decks)

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