10) Getting Energy and Nutrients from Food Flashcards
What are the 2 reasons that living things need food?
- provides us with energy to do work
- build new cells and repair damaged cells
What are the three main groups of food we should have in our diet?
nutrients, water and dietary fibre
Name the 4 main groups of nutrients in food.
carbohydrates
protein
fats
vitamins and minerals
Name one health risk associated with undereating.
There are two health risks.
- lack of energy
- poor growth
Name one health risk associated with overeating.
There are 3 health risks.
- obesity
- diabetes
- heart dieseases
State three ways how food wastage can be reduced.
- buying only the amount of food we need
- saving leftovers for the next meal
- storing food properly to prevent it from spoiling
What is the purpose of digestion?
To break down large food substances into smaller food substances which can be absorb by the body
What is physical digestion?
When we chew, we cut large pieces of food into smaller pieces.
What is chemical digestion?
The chemical breakdown of large food substances into smaller food substances.
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
Enzymes are substances found in digestive juices to speed up chemical digestion.
What are the 6 main body organs involved in digestion of food?
You can also think of this as how food travels through the body.
mouth, gullet, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, anus
What is the name of the part label A?
mouth
What is the name of the part label B?
gullet
What is the name of the part label C?
stomach
What is the name of the part label D?
anus
What is the name of the part label E?
large intestines
What is the name of the part label F?
small intestines
Starch (carbohydrates) turns into [ ] during digestion.
sugar
What is the function of our teeth in digestion?
To break large pieces of food into smaller pieces
aka physical digestion
What is the function of the gullet in digestion?
To transfer food from the mouth to the stomach
Proteins turns into [ ] during digestion.
amino acids
In which organ does protein start to get digested?
stomach
What does the acid in the stomach do?
There are 2 functions of the acid.
- Helps enzymes to work
- Kills bacteria in food
What is the other function of the small intestines beside digesting food?
Small intestines digests all carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
It absorbed all the digested food.
There is no digestion in the large intestines. What is absorbed by the large intestines?
There are 2 types of substances absorbed by the large intestines.
water and mineral
What is the name of the body part in which faeces (undigested food) leaves the body?
anus
What is the name of the process in which digested food releases energy with the help of oxygen?
Starts with the letter ‘r’
respiration
What is the purpose of the respiratory system (lungs in particular) in digestion?
Takes in air and allow oxygen to enter the blood
What is the purpose of the circulatory system (blood in particular) in digestion?
carries digested food and oxygen to all parts of the body
During respiration, [ ] is needed to release energy from digested food.
oxygen
During respiration, [ ] and [ ] are produced.
Hint: Its a gas and a liquid.
carbon dioxide and water
Which organ digests all three types of nutrients?
3 nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins and fats
small intestines
In which organ does fats starts to get digested?
small intestines
