10. GBA+

Question 1

Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA+)

Answer 1

analytical framework guides users ask important questions about factors intersecting:
sex
gender
identity
that create different access to projects/policies

–>understand ways in which projects/policies may affect people differently

focuses on multiple ways people may differently impacted by projects

Question 2

+ meaning

Answer 2

means intersectionality

recognizes range of identity factors making up people, religion, age, intellectual/developmental/physical disabilities

signifies gender is only one aspect of the analysis (other factors eually as important)

holisitic understanding of how policies affect diverse populations beyond gender alone

Question 3

systemic inequality

Answer 3

inequalities embedded within social, political, economic systems

GBA+ uses this understanding to identify/address how instutional biases may perpetuate disparities

Question 4

diversity

Answer 4

inclusion and representation of various identity groups, need to consider background/perspectives when assessing impacts

Question 5

gender

Answer 5

encompasses non-binary, gender-diverse identities, GBA+ understand gender beyond binary categories to analyze how policies might affect people based on societal gender roles/norms

Question 6

intersectionality

Answer 6

help analyze how multiple factors (gender, race, age, disability, socioecon status…) interact and shape individuals life. reveals how overlapping identities = unique, compounded forms of discrimination/privilege

Question 7

disaggregated data

Answer 7

data broken down by categories (gender, age, ethnicity, location)

revealing unique eperiences, inequalities diverse groups

–> how these may experience projects benefits and impacts in different ways

–> analysis should move beyond simply disaggregating data to analysis of potential +/- effects

–> clearly supports decision-making

–> data gaps and limitations defined

Question 8

Things that could be analyzed relating to EIAs

Answer 8

Health issues
* Harassment, gender-based violence in communities and
on job sites
* Mental health
* Substance abuse, alcohol, drugs
* Increased health and community services costs
* Increased STIs

Rights and decision making:

• Who has access to decision makers at local and national
  levels?
• What groups are consulted and considered in
  mitigation? (opportunity, impacts, compensation)

Subgroups?
social, historical context of potentially impacted communities?
inequitable social structures/systems?

Question 9

GBA in federal IAA

Answer 9

sex,
gender and intersecting identities are a factor to
be considered in the impact assessment of a
designated project

• This means that the application of GBA+ to the
  impact assessment of designated projects is
  required.
• GBA+ would be prescribed in the Tailored Impact
  Statement Guidelines and applied to the analysis
  of health, social, economic and environmental
  effects and impacts to rights.

Question 10

10 best practices

Answer 10

1. Incorporate Intersectional Analysis Early
2. Engage Diverse Stakeholders
3. Develop Gender-Sensitive and Culturally Relevant Data Collection
4. Use Best Available Evidence
5. Community-Relevant Interpretation of Data
6. Follow Ethical Protocols for Primary Data
7. Evaluate Systemic Inequalities in Impact Mitigation
8. Implement Continuous Monitoring with a GBA+ Lens
9. Take an Interdisciplinary Approach
10. Be Aware of Unintended Consequences

Question 11

1. Incorporate Intersectional Analysis Early:

Answer 11

Start the EIA by
identifying how intersecting identity factors, affect individuals
differently, thus ensuring that vulnerable groups are considered
from the outset.

Question 12

2. Engage Diverse Stakeholders:

Answer 12

Actively involve stakeholders from
diverse backgrounds to ensure that diverse voices are included in
consultation and decision-making processes.

Question 13

3. Develop Gender-Sensitive and Culturally Relevant Data Collection:

Answer 13

Collect and disaggregate data by gender and other identity factors,
and ensure cultural relevance, especially in Indigenous contexts, by
following ethical and respectful data protocols, such as OCAP
(Ownership, Control, Access, Possession) principles.

Question 14

4. Use Best Available Evidence:

Answer 14

Where data are missing or limited,
rely on the best available evidence and consult community
knowledge to fill gaps effectively

Question 15

5. Community-Relevant Interpretation of Data:

Answer 15

Present statistical
findings within the context of the community’s unique characteristics
to ensure data is meaningful and relevant.

Question 16

6. Follow Ethical Protocols for Primary Data:

Answer 16

Adhere to ethical
standards for collecting and handling primary data, ensuring privacy,
consent, and respectful treatment of participants’ information.

Question 17

7. Evaluate Systemic Inequalities in Impact Mitigation:

Answer 17

When assessing
mitigation strategies, consider how existing inequalities may affect
their effectiveness across different groups.

Question 18

8. Implement Continuous Monitoring with a GBA+ Lens:

Answer 18

Use ongoing
monitoring focused on how the EIA impacts various groups over time,
allowing adjustments to better serve affected communities.

Question 19

9. Take an Interdisciplinary Approach:

Answer 19

Involve experts from diverse
fields and individuals with different perspectives to deepen
understanding and enhance the analysis of complex, multifaceted
issues stemming from the project and environmental impacts.

Question 20

10. Be Aware of Unintended Consequences:

Answer 20

Consider potential
unintended outcomes, such as the strain on community resources,
and plan accordingly to minimize negative impacts (such as workforce
demands on local health services, or housing).

Question 21

what regulators look for?

Answer 21

• Were gaps or limitations in data or information
  described?
• Were mitigation measures or voluntary measures (where
  relevant) proposed by the proponent linked to the issues
  identified in the GBA+?
• Were indicators for follow-up to GBA+ analysis and
  relevant indicators and data collection for diverse
  subgroups proposed?

Does the Impact Statement present one sex or gender
as the norm rather than specifying who findings apply
to?

• Does the Impact Statement make generalizations for
  all groups based on findings for one? Are
  generalizations justified?
• Are the measures for sex and gender appropriate?
• Were efforts made to adjust data collection
  techniques to include diverse subgroups?

Question 22

project impacts experienced differently by subgroups ?

Thinking about how such effects, how can the impact assessment process help address these?

examples

Answer 22

a. surveying impacts on workers families
= provide resources, childcare infrastructure, flexible schedules

b. community-based participatory action research initiative
identifying community concerns
= employment opportunities, identify/protect areas valued

c. evaluate employment needs, opp for different groups, outline training/education needs, identify capacity constraints in sector
= take initiative to train workers, build capacity, promote empowerment
=long-term, able to use training elsewhere after decommissioned
=adavnce gender responsive developments outlasting project lifetime

d. identify workplace enviro concerns
=strategies, plans, policies to address those, make it more inclusive, safer, support worker retention, reducing impacts/costs of worker replacement

Question 23

GBA+ framework 7 steps

Answer 23

1. identify issues + surrounding social, cultural, econ contexts
2. challenge assumptions related to gender norms
3. gather facts (research, consultation)
4. develop options, make recommendations based on step 3 info
5. monitor, evaluate initiative
6. communicate findings and recommendations
7. document the analysis