10- Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What is the significance of the Recto-uterine pouch in a digital examination?
Enlargement of the [uterus, uterine tubes, and ovary] can be felt
List all the Vaginal Fistulas
Vesicovaginal fistula
Rectovaginal fistula
Urethrovaginal fistula
Vaginoperineal fistula
What openings are found in the Vestibule of the Vagina?
Urethral Orifice
Vaginal Orifice
Ducts of Greater and Lesser Vestibular glands
What covers the Bulb of the vestibule?
Bulbospongiosus Muscle
What is the deepest part of the Peritoneal cavity?
Rectouterine Pouch
Describe the structure of the uterus
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
What are the three parts of the Uterus?
Fundus
Body
Cervix
Where is the uterus found?
Lesser Pelvis
Relations of the Uterus
Urinary bladder anteriorly Rectum posteriorly
Covered by Peritoneum
What is the normal position of the uterus?
Anteverted and Anteflexed
What are abnormal position of the Uterus?
Retroverted and/or Retroflexed
Angle of Anteversion
forward angulation of uterus
between the long axis of cervix and vagina [~90°]
Angle of Anteflexion
orward angulation between the body and cervix of the uterus [~125°]
What is the clinical significance of a retroverted uterus?
Tendency for prolapse
Painful menstruation
Reduced chance of conception
Retroverted Uterus
backward tilt in the angle of anteversion
elations of the Fundus and Body of Uterus
U/P: Rectum and Sigmoid Body
L/A: Urinary bladder
Peritoneal relations of the Fundus and Body of Uterus
U/P: covered up to posterior fornix of vagina
L/A: covered up to isthmus
What occupies the pouch of Douglas?
Coils of Intestine and Sigmoid colon
What structures are attached to the lateral border of the Uterus?
Broad Ligament
Round Ligament [upper end]]
Ovarian Ligament [upper end]
Where is the opening of the uterine tube found?
Opens at the later border of the uterus, at the superolateral angle
Where is the Uterine artery found?
Between the two layers of the broad ligament
What is the most fixed part of the uterus?
Cervix [not even movable or distended during pregnancy]
What is the internal os of the cervix?
opening of the cervix that joins the uterus
What is the external os of the cervix?
junction between the cervix and the vagina
What cells line the cervical canal?
Simple Columnar/Stratified Squamous epithelium
What structures are found lateral to the cervix?
Uterine artery as it crosses the ureter
List the ligaments of the Cervix
Uterosacral
Pubocervical
Mackenrodt’s ligament
What arteries supply the Uterus?
Ovarian artery [branch of AA] - Upper part
Uterine artery [branch of IIA]- Lower part
What artery, which supplies the Uterus is a branch of the abdominal artery?
Ovarian artery
What artery, which supplies the uterus, is a branch of the Internal Iliac artery?
Uterine artery
What is the perineal body?
Fibromuscule node that acts as an attachment for
Levator ani Bulbospongious Coccygeus Superficial transverse perineal Deep transverse perineal Ischiocavernous Puborectalis Pubococcygeus Transverse abdominal
What occurs as a result of a tear of the perineal body?
Uterus prolapse
What may tear the perineal body?
Vaginal delivery
Episiotomy that is not properly repaired
What are other names for the transverse cervical ligament?
Cardinal ligament
Meckenrodt’s ligament
What ligament extends from the posterior aspect of the cervix to the 3rd piece of the sacrum?
Uterosacral ligament
