10) English Society In The Reign Of Henry VIII Flashcards
Economic causes of pilgrimage of Grace
1534 Subsidy Act was still being collected in 1536. This was usually only collected during wartime and as England was at peace it was deeply resented
There were poor harvests in 1535 and 1536. People were both unhappy and hungry.
Religious causes of the pilgrimage of Grace
People thought parish churches would be closed down after the monasteries.
People saw dissolution of smaller monasteries as an unforgivable attack on religion
The monasteries helped the sick people and provided refuge for travellers the risk of losing this upset the people.
Political causes of the pilgrimage of Grace
Nobility disliked cromwells common status and his reformist religious views. They hoped that the court would increase their power in court and weaken cromwells
Nobility felt Henry’s court was under cromwells control
Social causes of the pilgrimage of Grace
The north of England was mostly catholic and they felt Henry and Cromwell were attacking their religion. Pilgrimage of Grace started in the north.(Lincoln and York)
Robert aske (leader of PofG) argued north should have a say in the nation and that on a practical level the abbeys should remain in the northern economy.
What did people refuse to pay in1525
Amicable grant
What is the amicable grant
Raise money without going to parliament
Causes of resistance to amicable grant
1513 imposition of taxes to pay for foreign war in France
Yorkshire complaints
Nature of resistance for amicable grant and specifics of who and what
North Essex and south Sussex resistance.
Earl of Essex reports 1000 people gathered on border to resist payment
Duke if Norfolk and Suffolk faced about 4000 tax resisters - in particular unemployed cloth workers
How was resistance to amicable grant handled
Dukes handled sensitively
King backed down
Wolsey publicly begged king to offer pardon - treated leniently
Who led the initial rebellion (Lincolnshire rising)
Nicolas Melton
Who led the more serious rebellion of the pilgrimage of Grace
Robert aske
Who negotiated with the rebels in pilgrimage of Grace
Duke of Norfolk
Religious motives for Lincolnshire rising and pilgrimage of Grace
Complaints of monasteries dissolving
Fear for parish churches and traditional religious practices
Explain how complaints on monasteries dissolved was a religious motive for Lincolnshire and pilgrimage of Grace motive
Loss of charitable and educational functions that monasteries provided
Fear north would be impoverished by monastic land falling into hands of southerners
Loss of facilities and services that monasteries offered
Explain how fear for parish churches and traditional practices was a religious motive for Lincolnshire and pilgrimage of Grace motive
Celebration of locally important saint Wilfred in York discouraged
Rumours that church jewels confiscated and parishes merged.
Secular motives on Lincolnshire rising and pilgrimage of Grace
Complaints on tax
Ordinary rebels - motivated by economic grievances tax
Crown attempts to impose duke of Suffolk as great magnate - initially spark rebellion in Lincolnshire
Courtly conspiracy promoted by councillor supported by CofA
Explain the secular motive of
Courtly conspiracy promoter by councillor supported by Catherine of Aragon
Main motive was restoration of Princess Mary as heir
Courtiers able to exploit religious and financial concerns of northerners put pressure on King
factional politics of his reign
What were the pontefract articles
Set of rebel demands
No sense or prioritisation about articles
Religious grievances- concerns of clergy
Anger directed towards Cromwell
Desire for parliament to meet at York suggested strongly held regional resentment
How was Lincolnshire rising suppresses
Henry ignored demands and threatened extreme punishment
When was Lincolnshire rising
2nd October 1536
Explain the initial Lincolnshire rising
3000 commoners in as rose up

Fourth of October leadership passed to the local gentry
Seventh of October 1000 rebels marching to lincon with set of articles - about tax and monasteries been dissolved
What happened in pilgrimage of Grace rebellion
1536 Yorkshire uprising
40,000 men led by nobility or gentry members
Took hull and pontefract
How was pilgrimage of Grace suppressed
Northfork promised to go back to Henry the eighth with the terms of the articles the
rebels agree to this
Consequences for the rebels in the pilgrimage of grace rebellion
1537 Henry ordered Norfolk to round up the pilgrim ringleaders and execute them
Aske hung in York
74 rebels hung
