10 CNS quiz questions Flashcards
Stimulation by the __ motor neurons can either excited or inhibit smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. Stimulation by __ motor neurons always causes contraction of skeletal muscle.
Autonomic; somatic
In which space is the cerebrospinal fluid found?
Subarachnoid space
Define the term spinal reflex.
Spinal reflexes are reflexes that involve the spinal cord only.
The innermost layer of the meninges is the __.
Pia mater
List the common networks of a spinal nerve.
Cervical plexus
Brachial plexus
Lumbar plexus
Sacral plexus
List the 5 functional components of a reflex arc:
Receptor Sensory neuron Integrating centre Motor neuron Effector
What are the 2 main functions of the spinal cord in the maintenance of homeostasis?
Nerve impulse propagation
Information integration
What nerves are in the cervical enlargement?
Its an expansion of the spinal cord in the cervical region; it contains nerves that supply the upper limbs.
What is meant by the expression blood-brain barrier?
Refers to the highly selective nature of the capillaries in most parts of the brain. Many substances that could leak out of capillaries in other parts of the body are prevented from doing so in the brain.
List 3 ways that the hypothalamus functions to maintain homeostasis:
Controlling the ANS Controling the pituitary gland Regulating emotion Regulating eating and drinking Controlling circadian rhythms
A somatic reflex involves __ muscle.
Skeletal
What is the cerebral cortex composed of?
It is made up of gray matter
Define the term plexus.
A plexus is a network of spinal nerve branches just outside of the spinal cord.
In a cross section of the spinal cord, what are the horns?
Horns are cross sections of columns of nerves cell bodies and nonmyelinated fibres.
Lost in order from outside, the coverings if the spinal cord and name the spaces adjacent to them.
Dura: outer is epidural space, inner is subdural.
Arachnoid: inside is the subarachnoid space.
Pia: inner layer of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Describe the function of Broca’s area.
Functions to translate thoughts into speech by coordinating the muscles of speech and breathing to enable one to speak.
Name the nuclei located in the medulla that control autonomic function.
Cardiovascular centre.
Medullary rhtymicity centre.
Describe the location of the midbrain.
The midbrain lies above the pons and below the diencephalon.
What are the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid?
Protection
Mechanical and chemical
Supply of nutrients
Removal of wastes
Name the 3 major parts of the diencephalon:
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland
Name the 3 regions of the brain stem:
Medulla oblongata
Pons
Midbrain
What is a mixed nerve?
A mixed nerve contains both sensory and motor fibres.
What important nuclei, in addition to those of the cranial nerves, are found in the pons?
Help regulate breathing
What is the function of the limbic system?
Functions in emotional aspects of behaviour related to survival.
Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced?
In a network of capillaries called the choroid plexus, which is found in the brain ventricles.
The superficial gray matter later of the cerebrum is called the:
Cerebral cortex
What is the name of the location in the brain where CAF is reabsorbed into the bloodstream?
Arachnoid villi
At its superior end, the central canals of the spinal cord is continuous with what structure in the brain?
Fourth ventricle
How many pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord?
31
Name 3 important sensory areas of the cerebral cortex.
Somatosensory area Visual area Auditory area Gustatory area Olfactory area
