10. Childhood Disorders: Physical Development

Question 1

at what age should a person smile spontaneously?

Answer 1

1 month

Question 2

at what age should a person smile responsively?

Answer 2

2 mos

Question 3

at what age should a person work for a toy?

Answer 3

5 m

Question 4

at what age should a person wave bye-bye?

Answer 4

8m

Question 5

at what age should a person indicate want by crying/pointing?

Answer 5

10m

Question 6

at what age should a person play simple games?

Answer 6

12 m

Question 7

at what age should a person laugh?

Answer 7

2-4 months

Question 8

at what age should a person turn in response to a voice?

Answer 8

3-7 m

Question 9

at what age should a person babble, say mama/dada?

Answer 9

7-10m

Question 10

at what age should a person say mama/dada specifically?

Answer 10

7-14m

Question 11

at what age should a person have 3 words?

Answer 11

15m

Question 12

by 18 months, what should a kid be saying/doing?

Answer 12

should have at least 1-2 words at minumum, should want variety in play, should want to interact with caregivers

Question 13

if a child is nonverbal, what is the differential?

Answer 13

ear/nerve, brain (processing, stroke, autism spectrum), genetic problems

Question 14

autism is an impairment of what areas?

Answer 14

communication, social interactions, with preference for non-functional repetitive actions, decline in imaginative play

Question 15

ratio of boys:girls with autism?

Answer 15

4:1

Question 16

what is Rett syndrome?

Answer 16

uncommon cause of autistic behavior. Xlinked gene, only found in girls (fatal for males)

Question 17

what is the impact of an older father on ASD?

Answer 17

fathers >40y are 6x more likely to have a child with autism than fathers <30y

Question 18

DSM4 criteria for autistic disorder?

Answer 18

6 items total from a list: at least 2 impairments in social interaction, at least 1 impairment in communication, at least 1 stereotyped/repetitive pattern of behavior

Question 19

a few items from the physical exam that could suggest autism spectrum disorder

Answer 19

macrocephaly, exaggerated facial features, difficulty with attention or hyper/hypoactivity, toe-walking or poor coordination

Question 20

A young mother brings in her 20 month old son who is not walking yet. Are you concerned?

Answer 20

Yes, even not walking at 18 months is concerning

Question 21

At what age should a person be able to lift head 45 deg?

Answer 21

0-3 m

Question 22

At what age should a person be able to lift chest and head up with arm support?

Answer 22

3-5m

Question 23

At what age should a person be able to roll over?

Answer 23

2-5m (though wide range; depends on how fat!)

Question 24

At what age should a person be able to sit freely?

Answer 24

6-8m

Question 25

At what age should a person be able to stand holding on to something?

Answer 25

7-8m

Question 26

At what age should a person be able to stand for 2 secs?

Answer 26

10-13m

Question 27

At what age should a person be able to walk well?

Answer 27

10-16m

Question 28

What is Gower’s sign? what does it suggest?

Answer 28

typical of duchennes muscular dystrophy. Have to tripod, walk up own legs to stand up

Question 29

examples of fine motor coordination?

Answer 29

picking up a raisin
holding spoon
using crayon
toys: stacking and matching

Question 30

by what age should a person be able to grasp a finger, un-fist hand?

Answer 30

3m

Question 31

by what age should a person be able to extend and rake with hand, bring to mouth?

Answer 31

4m

Question 32

by what age should a person be able to rake pellet into hand, hold a cube?

Answer 32

6m

Question 33

by what age should a person be able to clap?

Answer 33

7m

Question 34

by what age should a person be able to pinch-grasp between lateral thumb and proximal index finger?

Answer 34

9m

Question 35

by what age should a person be able to pinch-grasp between pad of index and thumb, or point?

Answer 35

10m

Question 36

by what age should a person be able to pinch-grasp between fingertips?

Answer 36

12m

Question 37

what is cerebral palsy?

Answer 37

non-progressive movement disorder, causing physical disability

Question 38

what are a few areas of treatment for CP?

Answer 38

limb braces, physical and occupational therapy, crutches, wheelchairs, meds, surgery