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Blood Bank > 10 > Flashcards

10 Flashcards

1
Q

A semi-quantitative method used to determine the concentration of Ab in a serum sample

A

Ab Titer

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2
Q 
Ab titers use a 
A) twofold dilution
B) fourfold dilution
C) sixfold dilution 
D) eightfold dilution
A

A) twofold dilution

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3
Q

Results from titers are expressed as __________ from the tube with the _________ dilution showing agglutination.

A

Reciprocal; greatest

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4
Q

What are some reasons to perform antibody titers?

A
  • Prenatal studies
  • Ab identification
  • Separating multiple Ab that contain more than one specificity
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5
Q

What is the most common reason for an Ab Titer ?

A

Prenatal studies

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6
Q

When undiluted, what does Autoanti- I react with? at higher titers?

A

Adult and cord blood RBCs(undiluted)

ONLY adult cells (higher titers)

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7
Q

Refers to the volume of the substance to be diluted in a total volume of the final solution and is an expression of concentration.

A

A dilution

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8
Q

What principle is used when testing titers?

A

Saline IAT principle

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9
Q

What is a Master Dilution ?

A

procedure that gives more accurate results than individual dilutions for a single set of titration tests because measurements are more accurate with large volumes

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10
Q

How many tubes are used when dealing with HDN?

A

12 tubes

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11
Q

What kind of pipette is used?

A

Volumetric pipette

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Place 0.5ml saline into tubes 1-10 with a volumetric pipette

A

False; tubes 2-10

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Homozygous will show stronger results that heterozygous.

A

True

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14
Q

How to we read tubes for results?

A

From least reactive to most reactive

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15
Q 
How many times to we wash cells ?
A)2 times
B)4 times
C)3 times
D)5 times
A

B) 4 times

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16
Q

What is RhIG?

A

The only preventative method for HDN due to anti-D

17
Q

When is RhIG given? Why?

A

At standard times throughout pregnancy and after an accident or miscarriage; to minimize the occurrence of anti-D formation that can result in immunization

18
Q

How much RhIG is given per dose ?

A

300ug

19
Q

_______ dose counters ____ of D Pos fetal blood

A

300ug ; 30ml

20
Q

Why would a Rh neg mother NOT receive RhIG?

A
  • infant is known to be Rh neg

- Mother didn’t receive RhIG during first pregnancy and produced her own anti- D

21
Q

RhIG therapy should be given within ___ hours of delivery

A

72

22
Q

How long can Anti- D be detected after therapy?

A

5 months

23
Q

What could failure of RhIG be due to?

A
  • administered after 72 hours

- Improper dosage

24
Q

What is the Rosette test ?

A

Screening/qualitative test for Rh Pos fetal blood in mother’s circulation

25
Q

What is Acid Elution (Kleihauer-Betke)?

A

quantitative test that detects presence of Rh Pos or Rh Neg fetal RBCs in maternal circulation

26
Q

How do you know if a Rosette Test is deemed positive?

A

Forms rosettes around D Pos fetal cells

27
Q

Rosette test detects ____ or more to be positive

A

10ml

28
Q

What is this formula?

(% / 100) x 5000ml= fetal blood

fetal blood / 30ml per dose RhIG=doses

A

Kleihauer- Betke Calculation (Fetal Maternal Hemorrhage)

29
Q

What is Amniocentesis used to evaluate?

A
  • intrauterine hemolysis
  • fetal condition
  • severity of HDN
30
Q

What are two indicators for performing amniocentesis?

A
  • Anti-D Titer at or above 16-32

- history of previous pregnancy with HDN due to anti-D

31
Q

What negative effects can amniocentesis cause?

A
  • fetal maternal hemorrhage
  • increase HDN severity
  • immunize against other Ag
32
Q

Amniocentesis results are used to decide between ___________ transfusion or delivery.

A

intrauterine

33
Q

May be used to treat severe anemia and prevent death in utero

A

Intrauterine transfusion

34
Q

When is intrauterine transfusion done?

A

After 20week gestation

35
Q

What are the blood requirements for intrauterine transfusion?

A
  • O neg
  • negative for Ag matching Ab in mother’s blood
  • irradiated
  • CMV Neg
  • Lack Hemoglobin S
  • freshest possible , no more than 7 days
  • volume transfused depends on f
  • fetal size
  • route
  • initial hematocrit
  • gestational age

Blood Bank (6 decks)

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