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Soil > 1.0-1.10 > Flashcards

1.0-1.10 Flashcards

1
Q

The quality of soil determines…

A

capacity of land to support plants, animals and society

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2
Q

What are the 6 key roles of soil?

A

1.support plant growth
2.recycles nutrients and waste
3modifies atmosphere
4.habitat for organisms
5.used for building
6.water supply purification

PRAHBW

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3
Q

What do plants gain from soil

A

physical support, water, protection from toxins, air, temperature moderation, nutrient elements

SWATTN

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4
Q

How does soil provide physical support to plant

A

anchors it to the ground to stop it from falling over

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5
Q

Ventilation in soil

A

accomplished via soil pores and maintains quality and quantity of air by allowing CO2 to escape and oxygen to enter root zone

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6
Q

How can plants survive long periods without water

A

Through soil pores, they absorb and hold water where its later used by roots

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7
Q

How does soil moderate temp. fluctuations

A

soil has insulating properties that protect the deeper portion of root system from extreme hot or cold
so the top of soil can be hot, but lower down the soil temp can be lower

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8
Q

phytotoxic substances

A

chemicals that are toxic to plants

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9
Q

fertile soil will provide a supply of…

A

dissolved mineral nutrients in amounts appropriate for plant growth

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10
Q

in a world without recycling actions of soil…

A

plants and animals would have run out of nutrients

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11
Q

How can soil help mitigate climate change?

A

some soils can accumulate large amounts of carbon as soil organic matter

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12
Q

soil absorbswhat gases

A

oxygen and other gases like methane

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13
Q

soil releases

A

carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide

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14
Q

what can happen in dry soil areas?

A

soil particles can be picked up by winds and contribute to dust in atmosphere.

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15
Q

What does the composition of our food depend on?

A

the health of the soil it was grown on

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16
Q

where do many medicines come from?

A

soil!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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17
Q

many antibiotics are sourced from

A

soil

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18
Q

What is the critical zone

A

outer layers of the planet where life, air, water and rocks interact

Book def: tops of tallest trees and bottom of groundwater

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19
Q

lithosphere

A

world of rock

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20
Q

atmosphere

A

air

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21
Q

hydrosphere

A

water

22
Q

living things

A

biosphere

23
Q

pedosphere

A

soil

24
Q

What is the difference between” a soil” and “soils”

A

soil as a material and soilsas all the different kinds

25
Q

Regolith

A

crumbled rock on top of unweathered rock

26
Q

saprolite

A

soft decomposed rock

27
Q

soil pits are used for

A

to study soil

28
Q

Soil profile

A

showing the horizons

29
Q

horizon

A

a distinct layer of soil

30
Q

what is parent material

A

the deepest layers of soil which have been changed the least

31
Q

O horizons

A

organic top layers of soil

32
Q

weathering

A

process of rocks, minerals, soils breaking down at earths surface

33
Q

A horizons

A

layers nearest the surface dominated by mineral particles

34
Q

B horizons

A

underlying layer with accumulated materials

35
Q

C horizon

A

parent material, the least weathered part of soil

36
Q

E horizon

A

below a horizon and above B

strongly leached

37
Q

leached

A

downward movement of dissolved plant nutrients

38
Q

What are the 3 phases of soil

A

Air, water, mineral

39
Q

In the 3 phases, what counts as soil solids

A

organic and mineral

40
Q

In the 3 phases of soil what makes up pore space

A

air and water, which are inversely proportional

41
Q

Voids

A

space or gap between soil particles

42
Q

what things happen in the voids

A

fluid flow (diffusion),
root and microbial growth,
weathering,
chemical reactions, uptake of nutrients

43
Q

state factors of soil formation formula

A

s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

44
Q

what does the s stand for in the s=f(cl,o,r,p,t) formula?

A

soil properties

45
Q

what does the f mean in s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

A

function of

46
Q

what does the cl mean in s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

A

climate

47
Q

what does the o mean in s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

A

organisms

48
Q

what does the r mean in s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

A

relief, topography (arrangement of features in an area)

49
Q

what does the p mean in s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

A

parent material

50
Q

what does the t mean in s=f(cl,o,r,p,t)

A

time

51
Q

what does topo sequence refer to

A

what part are you in the hill slope

52
Q

The top of a hill is called the…

A

summit

Soil (4 decks)

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