1. Viral Hepatitis Flashcards
What are the stages of viral replication
Adsorption Penetration Uncoating Replication of nucleic acid Maturation/assembly Release
Viral features of HAV
Single stranded RNA virus
Non enveloped
Only 1 serotype
Transmission of HAV
Faecal-oral
Poor hand hygiene
Contaminated food or water
Stages of infection of HAV
Incubation periof 2-4 weeks
Virus excreted in faeces for 1-2 weeks before symptoms
Translocation from GI tract to blood
Infection of liver cells
Passage to billary tract and back to GI tract
Excretion in faeces
Clinical features of HAV
Fever Anorexia Vomiting Jaundice anti-HAV IgM
Treatment of HAV
No specific
Fluid and electrolye replacement
HAV prevention
Vaccine
Good hygiene
Viral features of HBV
Double stranded DNA virus
Enveloped virus
Antigen in HBV
HBsAg: surface antigen; indicates high transmissibility; HBsAb appears late and provides immunity
HBcAg: core antigen; HBcAb appears early in infectioN
HBeAg: envelope antigen: derived from core; indicates high infectivity
Transmission of HBV
Sexual intercourse
Intra-uterine
Contaminated needles
Stages of infection of HBV
Incubation period 2-4 months
Pre icteric 1-7 days
Icteric 1-2 months
Convalescent 2-3 months
Stages of infection of ACUTE HBV
Incubation period 45-120 days
Pre-icteric period 1-7 days
Icteric period 1-2 months
Convalescent period 2-3 months
Clinical features of HBV
pre-icteric period
icteric period
Pre-icteric: Malaise Anorexia Nausea Pain in RUQ
Icteric:
Jaundice
Clinical outcomes of acute infection HBV
Fulminant hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis
Resolution
Treatment of HBV
Pegylated interferon
Nucleoside analogues
Prevention of HBV
Vaccination
HBV immunoglobin
Sexual health education
Blood screening
Viral features of HCV
6 virus types
Single stranded RNA
Enveloped virus
Clinical features of HCV
Usually asymptomatic
Fatigue
Nausea
Weight loss
Transmission of HCV
Blood-blood products
Tattooing
Stages of infection of HCV
Virus replicates mainly in hepatocytes
Incubation period 2wks to 6 months
Treatment of HCV
Ribavirin and pegylated a-interferon
Sofosbuvir
Viral features of hepatitis D
Small circular stranded RNA virus Defective virus HDV pciks up HBsAg as it buds from liver cell Co-infection with HBV No specific treatment
Viral features of HEV
Single stranded RNA
Non-enveloped virus
Transmission of HEV
waterborne disease
incubation period 3-8weeks
