[1] Toxicodynamics Flashcards
Definition: Toxicodynamics
Mechanism of action of chemicals
Definition: Toxicokinetics
ADME of substances in their toxic states
Definition: Poison
Any agent capable of producing deleterious effects in a biological system, causing serious injury or death
Define: Acute Exposure
Oral
Inhalation
How long does it take to show effects?
Oral: Exposed for less than 24 hours
Inhalational: 4 Hours
Effects appear within 14 days
Define: Subacute Exposure
Repeated daily doses of the animal to the chemical for less than 1 month (usually 21 days) by a specific route
Define: Subchronic Exposure
Repeated daily exposure to the chemical for 90 days or 3 months
Define: Chronic Exposure
How long is this for rats and mice?
How long is this for humans?
Animal is exposed to the chemical throughout its lifetime
2 years for rats and mice
17 years
What is BPA?
Bisphenol A
[T/F] The dosage makes the poison.
F
[T/F] Toxic actions of drugs are exaggerations of its therapeutic actions
F
[T/F] One toxicant may exert several mechanisms of toxic action
T
Toxic action is caused by?
Parent compounds and its metabolites
[T/F] Mechanisms of toxic action in acute exposure are the same from those in chronic exposure
F
Factors Affecting Kinetic Processes
Duration and Concentration
Rate and Amount Absorbed
Distribution of Toxicant Within Body
Efficiency of Biotransformation and Nature of Metabolites
Ability of Metabolites to Pass Cell Membranes
Amount and Duration of Storage of Chemicals
[T/F] Protein bound substances does not exert toxic actions
T
The free drug is what causes the toxic reactions
