Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology BC Unit 3 > 1- Research Methods > Flashcards

1- Research Methods Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Ethics

A

Standards that guide individuals to identify good, desirable or acceptable conduct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ethical principals

A

Criminals Vote With Demonic’s and Destruction In mind

Confidentiality
Voluntary participation 
Withdrawal rights
Deception
Debriefing 
Informed consent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Confidentiality

A

The participants right to privacy, son any details of their involvement in the study cannot be reviled in a matter that’s enables individuals to be identified unless their written consent is gained.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Withdrawal rights

A

The researcher must inform participants of the nature of the research and that they are free to participate or not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Voluntary participation

A

The researcher must ensure that participants voluntary give their consent to be apart of the study or investigation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Use of deception

A

When it comes necessary for scientific reasons to conduct a study without fully informing that participants of its purpose before commencement, the participants must not suffer distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Debriefing

A

Clarification of the participants understanding of the study after conduction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ethical values

A

Research merit, Integrity, Respect, Beneficence, Justice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Research merit

A

An ethical value that requires research to be worthwhile and justifiable by potential benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Integrity

A

an ethical value demonstrated in the commitment by the researcher to the honest and ethical conduct and reporting of research.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Respect

A

an ethical value that requires the researcher, as far as possible, to value each participant as a human being and properly regard their welfare, rights, beliefs, perceptions, customs and cultural heritage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Beneficence

A

An ethical value promoting research that maximises possible benefits of the research, while minimising risks of harm or discomfort to the participants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Justice

A

an ethical value that requires the researcher, as far as possible, to be fair in relation to selecting, including or excluding different categories of potential research participants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Extraneous variables

A

Any variable other than the IV that can cause a change in the DV and can affect the results of the experiment in an unwanted way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Confounding variable

A

A variable other tan the IV that has had an unwanted affect on the DV making it impossible to determine which variable has impacted the DV.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ways of minimising Extraneous and confounding variables

A 
Counter balancing
Placebo effect 
Standardised instructions and procedures
Single blind procedure
Double blind procedure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Counter balancing

A

Systematically changing the order of treatments or tasks for participants in a balancing way to counter the unwanted effects on performance of any one order.
Types between-participants counterbalancing, and within-participants counterbalancing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Informed consent

A

When appropriate participants must be informed of the nature and purpose of the research including: risks, procedures to be used, demands, how, what and how long will informations be collected and who will have access to it, the right to decline, outcomes, confidentiality, and likelihood of publication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Experimental designs

A

Repeated measures design, matched participants design, independent groups design.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Repeated measures design

A

A design where the control and experimental groups are the same people. This is done to prevent difference in individuals for being a variable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Matched participant design

A

People are matched based on their characteristics or qualities in the researched field. Then one is place in control the other is placed in experimental group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Independent groups design

A

Each participant is randomly allocated to a group with separate conditions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Advantages and limitations of repeated measures

A

Limitations
• order effects in particular practice effects that can be confounded and need control.
• participant attrition
Advantages
• Strict control of relevant participant variables/individual participant differences
• requires a relatively smaller number of participants when compared with other experimental designs as same participants are in all conditions

24
Q

Advantages and limitations of matched participants

A

Limitations
• difficulty identifying all relevant variables (to be matched)
• practical problems, e.g. time-consuming to identify and recruit participants who are sufficiently alike in the variable
• pre-testing may be required and can lead to order effects requiring control.
Advantages
• ensures each condition/group is fairly equivalent in spread of relevant personal characteristics that can influence the DV
• participant attrition less likely

25
Q

Limitations and advantages of independent group design

A

Limitations
• less control over participant characteristics than repeated-measures and matched-participants.
• often need a larger group of participants in order to lessen any differences between groups
Advantages
• No order effects across conditions to control
• Participant attrition less likely

26
Q

Order effects

A

When a participants response is influenced by the specific order in which the conditions are present rather than the IV.

27
Q

Practice effects

A

are influenced by the performance that arises from practising the task.

28
Q

Attrition

A

people leaving the study before it has concluded.

29
Q

Steps in psychological research

A

There are seven steps

30
Q

Step 1

In psychological research

A

Identify the research problem

31
Q

Step 2

In psychological research

A

Construct a hypothesis

32
Q

Step 3

In psychological research

A

Design the method

33
Q

Step 4

In psychological research

A

Collect data

34
Q

Step 5

In psychological research

A

Analyse the data

35
Q

Step 6

In psychological research

A

Interpret the data

36
Q

Step 7

In psychological research

A

Report findings

37
Q

Independent variable

A

The variable that is manipulated, changed or varied in some way by the research.

38
Q

Dependent variable

A

The effects of the independent variable. (results)

39
Q

Hypothesis

A

A testable prediction of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics

40
Q

Operational hypothesis

A

A research hypotheses that states how the variable being studied will be observed, manipulated and measured.

41
Q

Placebo effect

A

An improvement in health or wellbeing due to a belief that the treatment given will be effective

42
Q

Experimenter effect

A

Occurs when there is a change in a participants response due to the researchers expectation, biases or actions rather than the effect of the IV

43
Q

Types of sampling

A

Random, convenience, stratified, and random stratified

44
Q

Random sampling

A

Sampling procedure that insure that every member of the population of research interest has an equal chance of being selected.

45
Q

stratified sampling

A

Dividing the population to be sampled into to distinct sub group(strata) then selecting a separate sample from each stratum in the same proportion as they occur in the target population.

46
Q

Random stratified sample

A

Involves identifying all of the people with in each stratum of research interest then randomly selecting samples of proportionate size from with in each stratum

47
Q

Single blind procedure

A

Participants are not aware of the condition of the experiment (IV).

48
Q

Double blind procedure

A

The participants and the researcher are unaware of the condition that have been allocated.

49
Q

Qualitative data

A

Characteristics and descriptions

50
Q

Quantitative data

A

Measurements or numbers

51
Q

Types of data analysis

A

Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics

52
Q

Descriptive statistics

A

Mean, median, and mode, tables, graphs.

53
Q

Inferential statistics

A

P-value, statistical significance.

54
Q

P-value

A

Determines weather the experiment was statistically significant
The significance level of any difference is called a p-value, with ‘p’ standing for probability.

55
Q

Statistical significance

A

Means that the results are not due to chance.

Psychology BC Unit 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions