1 PRIMER Flashcards
visual sciences deals with the structures of the eye and their functions as affected by the behavior of light
- Physiological Optics
- Theoretical Optics
physiological optics
real sense organs of the body
- effectors
- receptors
receptors
responding organs
- effectors
- receptors
effectors
photoreceptors of the eye ___ be stimulated by sound and other forms of stimulus
- can
- cannot
cannot
it is a physiological connectors – a nerves that connects the receptors to the effectors (2)
sensory and motor
it connects the CNS to the responding effectors
- motor
- sensory
motor
it connects the receptor to the CNS
- motor
- sensory
sensory
it connects the CNS to the responding effectors
- afferent
- efferent
efferent
UP-A(ap)
DOWN-E
it connects the receptor to the CNS
- afferent
- efferent
afferent
UP-A(ap)
DOWN-E
Sensory
- efferent
- afferent
afferent
Motor
- efferent
- afferent
efferent
area # under visual cortex
area 17
retina is a part of CNS
t/f
true
reduces light scatter and image distortion within the eye
- neural retina
- RPE
RPE
the dark pigments absorbs light
- neural retina
- RPE
RPE
consists of neurons
- neural retina
- RPE
Neural retina
contists of visual receptor cells
- neural retina
- RPE
neural retina
consists of horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, ganglion cells and photoreceptor cells
- neural retina
- RPE
neural retina
image of central visual field center
- photoreceptor cells
- fovea
fovea
it contains the cell bodies and process of retinal neurons receiving information
- macula
- fovea
macula
formed by retinal ganglion cell axons that are existing the retina
- fovea
- optic disc
optic disc
2 types of photoreceptors
rods and cones
this region of the retina is devoid of receptor cells
- fovea
- optic disc
optic disc
optic disc is located _____ to the fovea
- nasal
- temporal
nasal
distinguished structurally by the shapes of their outer segments
- optic disc
- photoreceptors
photoreceptors
the rod ______ segment disks contain the photopigment rhodopsin
- inner
- outer
outer
the structural basis for the blind spot in the visual field
optic disc
absorbs a wide bandwidth of light
- iodopsin
- rhodopsin
rhodopsin
color sensitive
- rods
- cones
cones
rhodopsin is _____ sensitive to light
- less
- more
more
rhodopsin reacts at ____ light levels than the color sensitive cone pigments
- lower
- higher
lower
dominate in the peripheral retina and has poor acuity
- rods
- cones
rods
breaks down when exposed to a wide bandwidth of light
- rods
- cones
rods
breaks down in the presence of a limited bandwidth of light
- rods
- cones
cones
less sensitive to light
- rods
- cones
cones
concentrated on the fovea
- rods
- cones
cones
the Duplex retina is also known as ____ theory
Duplicity Theory
rods reach their maximum concentration at about _____ peripheral to the fovea
- 10 degrees
- 20 degrees
- 30 degrees
20 degrees
2 locations in the retina that has no rods
optic disc and fovea
cones have maximum density in the ____
- fovea
- optic disc
fovea
it is a type of cone that present in fovea EXCEPT:
- S conesin
- M conesin
- L conesin
S conesin
it all absorb light cover a broad range of wavelength
- rods
- cones
cones
Red cone
- S cone
- M cone
- L cone
L cone
Blue cone
- S cone
- M cone
- L cone
S cone
Green cone
- S cone
- M cone
- L cone
M cone
erythrolabe
- green
- blue
- red
red
cyanolabe
- green
- blue
- red
blue
chlorolabe
- green
- blue
- red
green
operate best under high illumination
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
center visual field
has the greatest visual acuity and color sensitivity
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
center visual field
represents the operation of the photopic (light-adapted) subsystem
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
center visual field
more sensitive to dim light
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
peripheral visual field
operates under low illumination
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
peripheral visual field
has little color sensitivity and poor acuity
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
peripheral visual field
represents the operation of the scotopic (dark-adapted) subsystem
- center visual field
- peripheral visual field
peripheral visual field
a small “blindspot” is located in the _____ hemified
- nasal
- temporal
temporal
the farther the optical image from the retina, the ______ the blur circle
- smaller
- bigger
bigger
the smaller the pupil, the _____ the blur circle
- smaller
- bigger
smaller
the smaller the pupil, the _____ the blur circle
- smaller
- bigger
smaller
the extent to which the object may be moved toward or away and yet remain clear with the same dioptric power
- depth of focus
- depth of field
depth of field
the extent to which the image may be located in front or behind the retina and still appear to be clear
- depth of focus
- depth of field
depth of focus
ishihara
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
pseudoisochromatic plates
HRR (hardy rand rittler)
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
pseudoisochromatic plates
farnsworth d15
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
color arrangement tests
farnsworth munsell 100 hue test
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
color arrangement tests
lanthony test
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
color arrangement tests
holmes wright lantern
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
lanterns
falant
- lanterns
- pseudoisochromatic plates
- color arrangement tests
lanterns
