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OS 4 > 1. Osteopathic Approach to the Pediatric Patient > Flashcards

1. Osteopathic Approach to the Pediatric Patient Flashcards

1
Q

Birthing can compress what three nerves within the jugular foramen of infants?

A

CN 9, 10, 11

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2
Q

Birthing can compress what nerve within the hypoglossal canal?

A

CN XII

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3
Q

Compression of the occiput (most common SD in babies) may cause what symptoms?

A

Poor Tongue motion (CN 9, 12)
-Poor Suck

Intestinal Peristalsis issues (CN 10)
-Constipation, Colic, GERD

SCM/Trap Motion issues (CN 11)
-Torticollis

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4
Q

What cranial dysfunction increases likelihood of otitis media?

88% of infants had what cranial dysfunction?

A

Internally rotated temporal bone

Compression of occiput

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5
Q

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

12-36 months

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6
Q

When does the posterior fontonelle close?

A

2-3 months

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7
Q

When does the sphenoid fontanelle close?

A

6 months

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8
Q

When does the mastoid fontanelle close?

A

6-18 months

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9
Q

Direct or indirect for infants?

A

Indirect

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10
Q

What treatments are popular for infants?

A 
BMT
Condylar decompression
BLT
MFR to diaphragms
Lymphatics
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11
Q

What treatment should be done for infants with poor suck if you only have a few minutes?

A 
Suboccipital release (OA Decompression-Biomechanical)
Condylar decompression (Biomechanical)

Can add venous sinus release (biomechanical) if you have more time

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12
Q

What condition in infants needs to be ruled out before OMM?

A

Craniosynostosis (premature suture fusion)

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13
Q

How is plagiocephaly shaped and what is it associated with

A

Parallelogram shaped and is associated with torticollis
(Flat Head Syndrome)

-lateral strain

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14
Q

Describe brachiocephaly and what strains (2) is it?

A

Head is wider than long
Back of head flat

Vertical strain or flexion strain

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15
Q

Describe scaphocephaly and what strain is it?

A

Long, narrow head

Extension strain

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16
Q

How do you treat plagiocephaly (time sparing)?

A 
suboccipital release (Biomechanical)
venous sinus release (Biomechanical) 
V-spread to tight sutures (Biomechanical)
17
Q

Sympathetic and PSym to inner ear?

A

Sym: T1-T4
PSym: None

18
Q

Treatment for otitis media

A

Lymphatic: Thoracic inlet release
Galbreath/periauricular drainage

+Rib raising (Sympathetic)
Upper thoracic soft tissue (Sympathetic) if time

19
Q

What causes torticollis?

A

Spasm of sternocleidomastoid

-possibly due to irritation of CN 11 (Spinal Accessory Nerve) in jugular foramen

20
Q

Treatment for torticollis

A

Thoracic inlet release (Biomechanical)
Suboccipital release to reduce CN 11 (Biomechanical)
Cervical soft tissue with SCM stretching (Biomechanical)

21
Q

What Psym and Sym are targeted to treat URIs?

What is the Treatment?

A

Sym: T1-4 (lungs)
PSym: CN 7 (But cannot reach)

Release Thoracic Inlet (Lymphatic)

22
Q

Treatment plan for URI/Sinusitis?

A

Thoracic inlet release (Lymphatic)
Galbreath technique (Lymphatic)
Rib raising/soft tissue (Sympathetic)

23
Q

What type of dysfunction (inhalation or exhalation? is caused by asthma?

A

Inhalation

-asthma causes air trapping, so ribs will be raised

24
Q

Treatment plan for lower respiratory complaint

A 
Rib raising (Sympathetic)
C3-5 treatment (Neurologic)
Suboccipital release can break up mucus
25
Q

Psym and Sym for upper GI

Middle GI?

Lower GI?

A

Psym: Vagus
Sym: T5-9 Celiac ganglion

Psym: Vagus
Sym: T10-11 Superior Mesenteric Ganglion

Psym: Pelvic Splanchnic (S2-S4)
Sym: T12-L2 Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion

26
Q

Psym and Sym for middle GI

A

Psym: Vagus
Sym: T10-T11 Superior mesenteric ganglion

27
Q

Psym and Sym for distal colon

A

Psym: S2-4
Sym: T12-L2 inferior mesenteric ganglion

28
Q

Treatment plan for GERD

A

Suboccipital (OA release) (parasympathetic)
Celiac ganglion Release (sympathetic)

-if time, can do
Thoracic diaphragm release (sympathetic)
T5-9 (Sympathetic)

29
Q

Treatment for Constipation

A

Sacral rock
T/L junction inhibitory pressure
Superior and inferior mesenteric ganglion release

30
Q

4 Tenants of Osteopathic Medicine

A

1) Body is unit
2) STRUCTURE and FUNCTION are interrelated
3) Body capable of self REGULATION/HEALING AND HEALTH MAINTENANCE
4) RATIONAL TREATMENT is based upon and UNDERSTANDING and APPLICATION of the above

31
Q

What are Common Infant Complaints

A

Colic, GERD, Constipation, Torticollis

OS 4 (13 decks)

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