1: Monarchs and Parliament, 1603-1629

Question 1

1) What were the main sources of the Crown’s ordinary revenue? (3 points)

Answer 1

Crown lands, feudal dues, wardship and purveyance, customs duties (impositions)

Question 2

2) What two theories underpinned the theoretical justification for the power of the monarchy and the structure and
order of early-modern society? (2 points)

Answer 2

Divine Right of Kings + Great Chain of Being

Question 3

3) How did James offend (or appear to interfere with) parliamentary privilege in 1604?

Answer 3

Challenged Goodwin’s
electoral victory (because he was an outlaw)

Question 4

4) Which Treaty did James succeed in negotiating in 1604?

Answer 4

Treaty of London

Question 5

5) Which Latin term did James use to present his foreign policy?

Answer 5

Rex Pacifus

Question 6

6) Which ambitious project between England and Scotland did James attempt (and fail) to pass through parliament at
the beginning of his reign?

Answer 6

Perfect Union

Question 7

7) How did Robert Cecil (Lord Treasurer) attempt to increase royal revenue in 1608?

Answer 7

Updated Book of Rates

Question 8

8) Name 3 reasons why the Great Contract of 1610 failed (3 points)

Answer 8

James emphasis on Divine Right, Parliament’s demand that James raise more revenue from Catholics, James ability
to gain a £100,000 loan from City of London, the original figure was reduced to just £200p/a

Question 9

9) Which scandal in 1614-1616 brought disgrace to James’ favourite Robert Carr?

Answer 9

Overbury

Question 10

10)What is the name of the 1614 parliament?

Answer 10

Addled

Question 11

11) Name 4 ways James and Charles attempted to raise revenue without parliament between 1614 and 1629 (3
points)

Answer 11

Cockayne Project, selling titles, Benevolence (forced loan), monopolies

Question 12

12) Why did the 30 years war begin in 1618?

Answer 12

Protestant Elector Frederick’s election to Palatinate Kingdom of Bohemia was challenged by Catholic Habsburg
Empire (Holy Roman Empire)

Question 13

13) What did James tear out of the Commons Journal in 1621?

Answer 13

Protestation

Question 14

14) Which two individuals were impeached by Parliament in 1621?

Answer 14

Mompesson, Francis Bacon

Question 15

15) What hated financial measure did the Commons pass a statute against in 1624?

Answer 15

Monopolies

Question 16

16) Which two failed military expeditions did Buckingham lead between 1625-1629?

Answer 16

Cadiz 1625, La Rochelle 1627

Question 17

17) Why was Charles’ decision to chose Laud to preach the opening sermon to parliament in 1626 a political
mistake?

Answer 17

He was an Arminian

Question 18

18) Name three things attacked by the Petition of Right in 1628 (3 points)

Answer 18

Charles raising of revenue without parliament, interference with habeas corpus, billeting of troops

Question 19

19) How did Parliament defy Charles when he dissolved the body in 1629?

Answer 19

Held speaker down and passed Three Resolutions

Question 20

How much had Crown debt increased by between 1603-1629?

Answer 20

£300/400,000 to £2m

Question 21

21) Which quote about James I has stuck and shaped the Orthodox (negative accounts) interpretation of James I?

Answer 21

“Wisest foolin Christendom”

Question 22

22) Which historians are now kinder to James I?

Answer 22

Revisionist

Question 23

23) According to Marxist historians (like Christopher Hill) why did the relationship between Crown and Parliament
worsen between 1603 and 1629?

Answer 23

Economic and social change – growing economy undermined feudal basis of monarch’s income and increased wealth
of merchants and bankers who tended to move toward Puritanism

Question 24

24)According to Whig historians why did the relationship between Crown and Parliament worsen between 1603 and
1629?

Answer 24

The Stuarts threatened to rule as Catholic Absolute monarch’s without respecting the rights of the people

Question 25

25) According to revisionist historians why did the relationship between Crown and Parliament worsen between
1603-1629?

Answer 25

Individual (and avoidable) mistakes made particularly by Charles