1 Male Reproductive Anatomy

Question 1

Fill in the missing labels in the following diagram:

Answer 1

Question 2

What happens to the sperm in the epididymus?

Answer 2

Sperm matures

Question 3

Fill in the missing labels:

Answer 3

Question 4

What is hydrocoele?

Answer 4

Tunica vaginalis fills with fluid

Can transilluminate

Question 5

Where would you be able to find a sertoli cell and what does it do?

Answer 5

Within seminiferous tubule

Facilitates spermatogenesis

Question 6

Where would you find Leydig cells and what do they do?

Answer 6

In tissue between seminiferous tubules

Make testosterone

(High amount of sER- producing lipids)

Question 7

How does the blood supply to the left testicle differ from the blood supply to the right?

Answer 7

• Left:
• Renal vein–> testicular vein
• Right:
• Inferior vena cava–> testicular vein

Both: Abdominal aorta–> testicular arteries

Question 8

Where does the lymph from the testes drain to?

Answer 8

Para- aortic lymph nodes

Question 9

Where does the lymph from the skin of the scrotum drain to?

Answer 9

Inguinal lymph nodes (more superficial)

Question 10

What is testicular torsion?

Answer 10

Torsion of spermatic cord

Veins occluded

SURGICAL EMERGENCY

RISK OF INFERTILITY

Can be caused by bell-clapper deformity

Question 11

How does the spermatic fascia surrounding the testes and its vessels form?

Answer 11

GUBERNACULUM- guides testes down

Envaginates abdominal wall (3 layers of abdominal wall muscles)

Question 12

=What is contained within the spermatic cord?

Rule of 3s

Answer 12

=3 Facial layers

3 Arteries

3 Veins

3 Nerves

Vas deferens

Question 13

Where does the ureter pass in relation to vas deferens (aka ductus deferens)?

Answer 13

Underneath

Water under the bridge

Question 14

What are the functions of the penis?

Answer 14

1. Peeing
2. Deposition of sperm in vagina
3. Removal of competitors sperm

Question 15

Name these two erectile tissues:

Answer 15

Question 16

Explain how you would catherterise a male patient?

Answer 16

2 bends

1. Lift penis to straighten first bend
2. Pull penis down to straighten second

Question 17

Label the parts of the urethra shown on the following diagram:

Answer 17

Question 18

Which area of the prostate do you palpate on examination? What are you checking for?

Answer 18

Peripheral zone

Prostate cancer: will feel hard/irregular

Question 19

Which prostate zone is affected by BPH?

(Benign Prostate Hyperplasia)

Affects elderly men

Answer 19

Transitional zone

Surrounds urethra

Issues peeing- stop start etc

Question 20

How does an erection occur- with relation to the penis.

Answer 20

• Parasympathetic stimulation- vasodilation
• Vasodilation of penile arterioles
• Compression of veins

Question 21

How is an erection terminated with relation to the structure of the penis?

Answer 21

Sympathetic stimulation–> vasoconstriction

Question 22

How are the collagen fibres in the tunica albuginea arranged?

Answer 22

Right angles to each other

Circumferential and parallel to penile long axis

Question 23

What part of the penile tissue has been ruptured with a ‘fractured penis’?

Answer 23

Tunica alburginia

Question 24

Fill in the missing labels in the following diagram:

Answer 24

Question 25

Complete the following table:

Answer 25

Question 26

Complete the following table:

Answer 26

prostate= 25%

bulbourethal gland= small %

Question 27

What is the function of the panpiniform plexus thought to be?

Answer 27

Cool blood arriving to testes (as surrounds testicular artery)

Question 28

What is a varicocoele?

Answer 28

Paniform plexus enlarged- due to obstruction

Eg. renal/intra-abdominal pathology

(Bag of worms)

Question 29

Fill in the missing labels for the contents of the spermatic cord:

Answer 29

Question 30

What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?

Answer 30

Keeps urethra open for ejaculation

Question 31

How do could you discriminate between a hernia and a swelling associated with the testes?

Answer 31

Hernia disappears when lying down

Question 32

In which testes is the a varicocoele more common?

Answer 32

Left-drains to renal vein

Question 33

A hydrocoele in young boys may increase in size when they cough or cry, why is this?

Answer 33

Increased intraabdominal pressure

Pushes peritoneal fluid into scrotum

Question 34

What can be done to differentiate between hydrocele and a tumour?

Answer 34

Transillumination

Question 35

What is the cremasteric reflex? What might it indicate if it is absent?

Answer 35

Inner side of thigh stroked

Cremastre muscle on that side contracts- testicle pulled up towards inguinal canal.

Absent with testicular torsion

Question 36

Why is testicular torsion a urological emergency ?

Answer 36

Veins constricted

Haematoma

Potential for necrosis

Can cause infertility

Testes have immune privelage. If necrosis occurs- risk that immune system with attack other testicle

Question 37

What is the function of the Bulbourethral gland (cowper’s gland)?

Answer 37

Produces thick, clear mucous.

• Neutralises urine in urethra
• Reduce friction

Question 38

What is the crus of the penis?

Answer 38

Continuation of each corpus cavernosum of the penis, diverging posteriorly to be attached to the pubic arch

Question 39

To which nodes is the lymphatic drainage of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicles?

Answer 39

Internal and external iliac nodes