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NM PT > (1) Labs > Flashcards

(1) Labs Flashcards

1
Q

ability to orient body in relation to line of gravity

A

verticality

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2
Q

ability to control body COM in relation to BOS under quasi-static and dynamic conditions

A

stability

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3
Q

mvmt happening in continual fashion w/o interruptions in velocity or trajectory

A

smoothness

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4
Q

specific order of motor output to achieve intended goal of the action

A

sequencing

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5
Q

overall temporal structure of mvmt - % of time devoted to mvmt segments

A

timing

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6
Q

closeness of measured value to standard /freedom from error

A

accuracy

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7
Q

what two mvmt analysis terms are part of postural control

A

verticality and stability

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8
Q

what 4 mvmt analysis terms are part of coordination

A

smoothness, sequencing, timing, accuracy

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9
Q

what are 4 mvmt analysis terms that are observable constructs

A

symmetry, speed, amplitude, alignment

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10
Q

perfect agreement of kinetics and kinematics of mvmt b/w L and R

A

symmetry

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11
Q

rate of change or velocity of segment or body from task start to finish

A

speed

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12
Q

extent or range of mvmt used to complete a task

A

amplitude

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13
Q

biomechanical relationship of body segments to one another as well as base of support and environment, in order to achieve task at hand

A

alignment

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14
Q

observation/pt report of symptom mvmt that evokes particular response

A

symptom provocation

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15
Q

what stage of the mvmt continuum is not observable and indirectly assess understanding of instructions or task requirements

A

preparation

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16
Q

what stage of mvmt continuum looks at environment and starting posture

A

initial condition

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17
Q

describe the phases of the mvmt continuum

A

initial condition –> preparation –> initiation –> execution –> termination –> outcome

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18
Q

what 3 mvmt analysis tasks will you look for during the initiation stage?

A

timing, direction and smoothness

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19
Q

what 4 mvmt analysis tasks will you look for during execution phase

A

amplitude, direction, speed, and smoothness

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20
Q

what 3 mvmt analysis tasks do you look for during termination phase

A

timing, stability and accuracy

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21
Q

why do we perform mvmt analysis early?

A

inform tests and measure selection

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22
Q

what are the 4 underlying principles for mvmt analysis?

A
  • conduct in structured and environmentally controlled manner
  • consistency in assessment procedures
  • perform early to inform test and measure selection
  • generate hypothesis abt contribution fators
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23
Q

what order should you provide assistance?

A
  1. verbal cue
  2. tactile cue
  3. physical assistance
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24
Q

what are the 6 core tasks? which ones are static and which ones are dynamic

A

static - sitting, standing
dynamic - STS, walking, step up/down, reach/grasp/manipulate

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25
Q

what are 3 types of balance/postural control

A
  1. postural stability
  2. anticipatory (feed forward)
  3. reactive (feed back)
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26
Q

what are 3 underlying determinants of balance

A
  • MSK system
  • NMSK system
  • cognitive/behavioral
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27
Q

what are the 3 main categories for balance dx

A
  • deficit in steady state postural control
  • deficit in anticipatory postural control
  • deficit in reactive postural control
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28
Q

what 4 categories are within deficit in steady state postural control

A
  • postural mvmt strategies
  • sensory processing
  • balance confidence
  • verticality
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29
Q

what 4 deficit categories can be present within anticipatory postual control

A
  • postural mvmt strategies
  • sensory processing
  • balance confidence
  • executive function/multitask ability
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30
Q

what 2 deficits can be present in reactive postural control

A
  • postural mvmt strategies
    sensorry processing
31
Q

pts with postural mvmt strategy deficits will have impairments in what 4 things

A
  • m performance
  • impaired ability to isolate body segment
  • tone
  • coordination
32
Q

what 3 things are needed for STS

A

torque, stability, and ability to modify mvmts according to environment

33
Q

how many phases of STS are there

A

4

34
Q

what is phase one of STS

A

weight shift or flexion momentum (initiation phase)

35
Q

what is phase 2 of STS

A

transition phase where you are getting forward/horizontal momentum –> vertical momentum
- butt off chair, COM comes off surface of stability and needs to get over BOS

36
Q

what is stage 3 of STS

A

lift or extension phase
- goal = body upright

37
Q

what is stage 4 STS

A

stabilization phase - termination

38
Q

what is a momentum transfer strategy?

A

when you dont have enough force/strength to create a lift

39
Q

what is the problem with momentum transfer strategies

A

requirements for stability increase

40
Q

you see a pt rocking themselves forward and backward before standing up, what strategy are they using?

A

momentum transfer strategy

41
Q

what is the zero momentum strategy

A

when the pt is so unstable that they are unable to use momentum to get up - move slowly and requires a lot of forward flexion

42
Q

an increase in stability when using the zero momentum strategy means that there will also be an increase in …?

A

strength requirements - may be difficult for pts with force production deficit

43
Q

Modified Ashworth scale of what indicates FMD

A

3 or 4

44
Q

the Motorneuron Response Assessment examines what?

A

hyperexcitability

45
Q

what does hyperexcitability mean

A

term used to describe both tone and spasticity

46
Q

persistent m activity at rest

A

rigidity

47
Q

measure that reflects the pt’s ability to move one joint w/o moving other joints

A

fractionated mvmt

48
Q

what are the 6 general guidelines for assessing fractionated mvmt

A
  1. sitting with back supported
  2. check PROM 1st
  3. instruction to perform isolated mvmts can be verbal or visual
  4. note category mvmt corresponds
  5. record additional info that may help interpret results
  6. perform all tests on involved extremities
49
Q

how many components are in the UE fractionated mvmt exam?
what are they

A
  1. shoulder
  2. elbow
  3. wrist
  4. fingers
  5. index finger
50
Q

for the shoulder fractionated mvmt exam - the mvmt is fractioned when…?

A

pt can move thru at least 50% ROM w/o substitution or associated reactions

51
Q

for elbow fractionated mvmt exam - mvmt is fractionated if …?

A

pt moves elbow thru at least 50% ROM

52
Q

what position should the forearm be in when checking FM of the elbow

A

neutral supination/pronation

53
Q

for wrist FM exam - the mvmt is fractionated if the pt can …?

A

flex/extend wrist thru 100% ROM

54
Q

for the fingers and index finger FM exam - mvmt is fractionated if the pt can …

A

fully flex and extend thru 100% ROM

index finger must be done with other fingers flexed

55
Q

how many sections are there for the LE fractionated mvmt exam?
what are they?

A
  1. hip
  2. knee
  3. ankle
56
Q

for hip fractionated mvmt exam - mvmt is fractionated when …

A

pt can flex hip at least 50% ROM when seated in chair with back

57
Q

for knee fractionated mvmt exam - mvmt is fractionated when…

A

pt can move knee thru at least 50% extension when seated

58
Q

for ankle FM exam - mvmt is fractionated when…

A

pt can DF ankle 100% ROM

59
Q

how do we grade fractionated mvmt?

A
  • each joint rated separately
  • complete task = “yes”
  • if unable to complete mvmt b/c they have no mvmt, must mark on data sheet
60
Q

reaction that may appear in the affected extremity as generalized muscular tension without joint mvmt or as varying degrees of joint mvmt

A

associated reaction

61
Q

what are 2 reactive perturbation tests

A

resist and release test
lean and release test

62
Q

what is the key you are looking for for a FMD

A

modified ashworth of 3 or 4

63
Q

FMD is an inability to perform independent isolated mvmt due to …

A

spasticity or tone NOT m weakness

64
Q

what is a key when looking at a pt with mvmt pattern coordination dx

A

with verbal or tactile cueing, they improve
- strength is usually good

65
Q

what are some of the main issues that pts with mvmt pattern coordination deficit have?

A

issues with amplitude, speed, coordination within task

66
Q

what is a key issue for pts with dysmetria

A

issues with termination of task

67
Q

what is a good treatment option for pts with dysmetria?

A

weighted objects - utensils, vests, etc

68
Q

what phase of gait do pts with hypokinesia have the most difficulty wiht?

A

initiation - but all phases really

69
Q

why do we perform mvmt analysis with pts?

A

to help drive our treatment

70
Q

the purpose of the bowline knot activity was to assess…

A

modeling vs verbal instructions

71
Q

the purpose of the blinded beanbag toss was to assess…

A

feedback - KP or KR

72
Q

the purpose of the bosu ball activity was to assess…

A

internal vs external focus of attention

73
Q

the purpose of learning to tie a neck tie, fold a napkin and tie a shoelace with one hand was to assess…

A

blocked vs random practice

NM PT (16 decks)

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