1. Introduction to Sources and Quality of Water in Alberta

Question 1

S.p.1.4.a Give the two categories of inorganic and organic contaminants

Answer 1

+ Inorganic contaminants: TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) and TSS (Total Suspended Solids)
+ Organic contaminants: Dissolved DO (Dissolved Organics) and Suspended O and G (Oil and Grease)

Question 2

11.2 Describe the differences between volumetric, colorimetric and gravimetric analyses

Answer 2

• Volumetric: A sample of unknown concentration is reacted with a titrant of known concentration until all of the sample

Question 3

11.2 Describe the differences between volumetric, colorimetric and gravimetric analyses

Answer 3

• Volumetric: A sample of unknown concentration is reacted with a titrant of known concentration until all of the sample has been consumed.
• colorimetric:

Question 4

11.8 What facilities are needed for volumetric analysis?

Answer 4

1. Equipment to measure the sample accurately (an analytical balance or volumetric glassware)
2. A standard solution of suitable strength
3. An indicator to show when the stochiometric endpoint has been reached.
4. A carefully calibrated buret for measuring the volume of standard solution needed to reach the stoichiometric endpoint as shown by the indicator

Question 5

11.9 What two different types of calibrated glassware are available for volumetric analysis?

Answer 5

1. that which is calibrated to contain a definite volume (volumetric flasks and graduated cylinders)
2. that which is calibrated to deliver prescribed volumes (pipets and burets)

Question 6

11.12 What is the difference between a primary standard and a secondary standard?

Answer 6

Primary standard depends upon the use of some standard material whose purity is known. primary standards are usually salts or acid salts of high purity that can be dried at some convenient temperature without decomposing and that can be weighed with a high degree of accuracy.
Secondary standard: any solution that has been standardized against a primary standard is considered a secondary standard.

Question 7

SP4.1a. Describe and define TDS

Answer 7

• Total dissolved solids refers to the total amount of inorganic salt dissolved in water
• Def. TDS is the mg of inorganic salts in 1 L of H2O that passes thru a 0.45 micron filter.

Question 8

SP4.1b. 6 problems ass. with TDS

Answer 8

1.precipitation, increased corrosion, dissolved gases, heavy metals

Question 9

SP4.2a

Answer 9

See SP3.1a

Question 10

SP4.2b

Answer 10

See SP3.1b