(1) introduction to respiratory system notes Flashcards
Animal heat comes from
oxidation of organic substrates.
Nitrogen is not a
respiratory gas.
Oxidation (cellular respiration) takes place in
cells.
Circulation of blood affects the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between
lungs and tissues.
Blood can bind or liberate large quantities of
oxygen and carbon dioxide.
The rate of gas exchange is determined by
body requirements.
Functional behavior of the ventilatory and circulatory systems is regulated according to
to the gas exchange requirements of the body.
here are a number of laws pertaining to the behavior of gases under different conditions of
temperature and pressure
This law is used to calculate gas volumes under altered conditions, e.g. from ambient temperature, pressure and humidity (ATPS) to either body temperature (37oC) ambient pressure and under saturated conditions (BTPS; B) or to standard temperature, 0oC; pressure, 760 mmHg and dry conditions (STPD; S).
partial pressure of a gas in a gas mixture of volume V is the pressure that this gas would exert if it occupied what?
same volume V in the absence of the other components of the mixture.
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
Each of the gaseous components exerts a pressure that is
proportional to the fraction of that species (the fraction (F) of a gas corresponds to its percentage, e.g. 21/100 or 0.21) in the total gas mixture.
The sum of partial pressures equals the total pressure of the gas mixture or
PTotal =Pa +Pb +Pc +…….Pz
where Pa, Pb, Pc and Pz equal the partial pressure of each of the gases in the mixture.
Calculation of partial pressures
Representative normal partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide fig 2
Representative normal partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide fig 1
Symbols and abbreviations
