1. Introduction to Physical Growth and Development Flashcards
7
Growth is largely _____.
anatomic
7
Development is mainly _________.
7
What does development refer to?
8
What is the range for “prenatal?”
8
What is the range for “infancy?”
8
What is the range for “childhood?” (different for males and females)
8
What is the range for “adolescence?” (different for males and females
9
What is the overall potential for growth determined by?
9
The extent to which an individual attains his or her potential for growth is predominantly determined by what 4 extrinsic (environmental) factors?
9
When is the rate and velocity of size increase most remarkable? When does it decline substantially?
9
When does growth velocity plateau and then increase again?
10
What is the cumulative growth curve a representation of?
10
What does the cumulative growth curve tell you?
11
What does an incremental or velocity growth curve a representation of?
11
What does an incremental or velocity growth curve tell you?
12
Describe the rate of growth of prenatal growth on a velocity growth curve.
12
Describe the rate of growth for postnatal growth on a velocity growth curve.
12
Describe the rate of incremental growth during childhood?
12
For how many years is there growth acceleration during pubertal adolescence?
13
What are the percentile groupings for growth charts?
13
What do growth charts help to visualize?
13
What may significant change in growth indicate?
17
On average, when does male pubertal growth spurt occur relative to females?
17
At what age is the female average peel pubertal growth spurt?
17
At what age is the male peek pubertal growth spurt?
19
At what stage are variations in growth and development due to timining particularly evident?
19
Is the average growth curve an accurate representation of the pattern of growth for any particular individual?
20
At what age is neural tissue growth nearly complete?
20
At what kind of rate do general body tissues such as muscle, bone, and viscera grow at? When do they reach peak velocity and when do they begin increasing again?
20
When does lymphoid tissues grow beyond adult proportions? It then undergoes involution until what size is reached?
20
When does the growth of genital tissue accelerate rapidly?
22
At 3 months fetus (not born yet), the head of a fetus takes up about what percent of its total body length?
At 3 months fetus (not born yet), describe the size of the cranium relative to the face.
22
Describe the limbs and trunk at in a 3 month fetus (not born yet).
22
In an infant at birth, the head takes up about what percent of the total body length?
22
In an infant at birth, the limbs adn trunk have grown faster with the legs making up what percent of total body length?
22
In an adult, what percent of the total body length does the head make up?
22
In an adult, the legs make up what percent of total body length
23
At birth, how does the development of the face and jaw compare to what it will be like in the adult?
23
Is there more growth of the face or the cranium postnatally?
24
When are dentofacial modifications such as ortho treatment most easily accomplished?
24
What are three methods used to correlate skeletal and craniofacial growth?
25
USing panoramic radiographs and looking at the development of the permanent second molars, what can you accurately estimate?
25
Describe crown formation at boys onset.
25
Describe root bifurcation at boys onset.
25
Describe root formation in boys peak.
25
Describe crown formation in girls onset.
25
Describe root formation during girls onset.
25
Describe root length compared to crown height at girls peak.
27
What are the 4 pediatric signs?
27
How do respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure change with age?
27
Besides the 4 pediatric vital signs, what are 3 other critical clinical measurements?
28
Memorize the pediatric vital sign normal ranges.
29
What is the formula for BMI in kg and lbs. ?
30
What should you initially do if recorded vital signs are outside of normal values?
30
If you have already checked equipment and technique and pediatric vital signs are still outside the normal range, what do you do?
