1. introduction and orientation

Question 1

systemic anatomy

Answer 1

subdivides the body into organ systems that work together towards a common goal or function.

Question 2

regional (topographical) anatomy

Answer 2

the study of anatomy based on regions or subdivisions of the body emphasizing the relations between various structures (muscles, nerves, and arteries) in that region

Question 3

pathological anatomy

Answer 3

a branch of pathology and medicine that deals with the diagnosis of diseases based on the macroscopic examination of surgical and microscopic parts for the examination of cells and tissues

Question 4

gross anatomy

Answer 4

deals with the structures of the body that are visible to the naked eye by means of cadaveric dissections. ex) muscles, bones, digestive organs

Question 5

histology

Answer 5

the microscopic study of tissues and organs through sectioning, staining, and examining those sections under a microscope

Question 6

cytology

Answer 6

aka cytopathology involves examining cells from bodily tissues or fluids to determine a diagnosis. (common tests include gynecologic, urinary, breast, ear/eye)

Question 7

anatomical position

Answer 7

body is erect,upper limbs hang at the side,palms are facing forward ,fingers extended,feet flat on the floor, face straight ahead.

Question 8

anterior (ventral)

Answer 8

before or in front, up. direction which denotes the front or forward part

Question 9

posterior (dorsal)

Answer 9

behind, position of directions, towards the back

Question 10

superior (cranial/cephalad)

Answer 10

more elevated in place or position, higher, upper, anatomically towards the head

Question 11

inferior (caudal)

Answer 11

beneath, lower in place or position, under surface of an organ, indicating a structure below another structure, towards the feet

Question 12

medial

Answer 12

nearer to the mid line, closer to the median plane, opposite of lateral position

Question 13

lateral

Answer 13

a position or direction away from mid line, toward the side

Question 14

unilateral

Answer 14

one side

Question 15

bilateral

Answer 15

two sides

Question 16

ipsilateral

Answer 16

on the same side of the body

Question 17

contralateral

Answer 17

on opposite sides of the body

Question 18

proximal

Answer 18

nearest point of attachment, closer to the center of the body

Question 19

distal

Answer 19

furthest from the point of attachment, away from the center of the body

Question 20

internal

Answer 20

a directional term that means inside or closer to the center of an organ or cavity

Question 21

external

Answer 21

a directional term that means outside or farther away from the center of an organ or cavity

Question 22

parietal

Answer 22

forming the wall of a cavity (outside; protection; what you see)

Question 23

visceral

Answer 23

pertaining to the internal organs contained within a cavity ( inside, what’s actually touching the cavity, what you don’t see)

Question 24

peripheral

Answer 24

pertaining to the outer surface of the body or body part (located away from the center)

Question 25

central

Answer 25

situated at or pertaining to a center or central point

Question 26

superficial

Answer 26

closer to the surface ex) the skin is superficial to the bones

Question 27

deep

Answer 27

below the surface, towards the central part of a structure, ex) lungs are deep to ribs, and ribs are deep to skin

Question 28

mid-sagittal (median)

Answer 28

an imaginary vertical line, divides the body equally ( right down the middle)

Question 29

sagittal plane

Answer 29

divides body and its parts into right and left portions, splits body into unequal parts (para sagittal)

Question 30

para sagittal

Answer 30

parallel to mid sagittal

Question 31

transverse (horizontal)

Answer 31

an imaginary plane that divides the body into superior and inferior sections, perpendicular to the coronal and sagittal plane (does not have to be equal)

Question 32

frontal (coronal)

Answer 32

divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections