1) Introduction

Question 1

What is the structure of capillaries?

Answer 1

Single layer of endothelial cells surround by a basal lamina

Question 2

What molecules can diffuse through the capillaries?

Answer 2

Small water soluble molecules
Small lipid soluble molecules
CO2
O2

Question 3

Why does the heart need its own blood supply?

Answer 3

The ventricle wall is too thick for O2 and nutrients in the blood in the ventricles to diffuse through it to the ventricular cells

Question 4

What is the role of the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 4

To transport deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Question 5

Which vessel is most often blocked in a heart attack?

Answer 5

Anterior Interventricular Artery

Left Anterior Descending Artery

Question 6

When does a heart attack occur?

Answer 6

When an artery supplying the heart is completely blocked

Question 7

What surrounds the heart?

Answer 7

Pericardial sac

Question 8

Describe the structure of the pericardium in relation to the heart

Answer 8

Outermost layer - fibrous layer
Outer layer - Perietal layer
Inner layer - Visceral layer (Epicardium)
Pericardial cavity
Myocardium

Question 9

What is the function of each layer of the pericardial sac?

Answer 9

Fibrous layer - Allows the pericardial sac to stetch when the heart contracts
Perietal layer - Keeps the heart in place
Visceral layer - Allows the heart to contract with minimal friction as it has a serous layer
Pericardial cavity - Provides space for the heart to contract into to prevent the sac breaking