1-Importance Of Animal Breeding And Genetics Flashcards
What is a selective crossing of animals to produced offspring with desirable qualities/ characteristic?
Animal breeding
What is a fascinating discipline. It has long been recognized as one branch of arts and only recently it started to be recognized as a special branch of science.
Animal breeding
What is the application of genetics and physiology of reproduction to animal improvement?
Animal breeding
The purpose of ? is not only to genetically improve individual animals but to improve whole animal population i.e. to improve future generations of animals.
animal breeding
Breeders are provided with two important tools: ? and ? These two tools are the decision making in livestock improvement
Selection and Breeding
What decides which animals are going to become parents to produce offspring for the future generation?
Selection
What decides which males should be mated with which females?
breeding
What refers to the application of genetics principles to improve desirable qualities in animals, plants or livestock?
Breeding
What is the scientific study of the mechanism of heredity and variation?
Genetics
Each unit called ? must satisfy at least two essential requirements:
1. that it is inherited in such fashion that each descendant has a physical copy of the material.
2. that it provides information to its carriers in respect to structure, function and other biological attributes.
gene
Breeding programs boost milk yield, meat production, egg laying capacity, wool quality, and other factors that are critical to meeting the expanding demand for animal products
Enhanced Productivity
Breeders can reduce antibiotic use and improve animal welfare by selecting animals that are genetically resistant to specific diseases
Disease Resistance
Improved breeds boost farmers’ profits by producing more efficient animals with higher yields
Economic Benefits
Breeding programs assist animals adapt to changing climates by making them more resistant to heat stress, drought, and cold temperatures
Adaptation to Environmental Change
While breeding focuses on increasing certain features, it is also critical to preserve genetic diversity in order to ensure the long-term viability of animal populations and prevent inbreeding.
Preservation of genetic diversity
Efficient breeds can lessen the environmental effect of livestock farming by using less feed and producing less waste, so making animal production more sustainable.
Sustainable and efficient
Recent developments in genetic tools, such as genome editing and artificial insemination, have revolutionized animal breeding. Technologies like CRISPR-Cas9 and genomic selection allow for more precise and efficient breeding strategies, accelerating genetic progress
Advances in Biotechnology
Through genetic research, breeders can identify and minimize hereditary diseases or disorders in animals. By incorporating health- related traits into breeding programs, animal welfare is improved, and veterinary costs are reduced.
Enhancing Animal Health and Welfare
METHODS OF ANIMAL BREEDING:
- Selective Breeding
- Crossbreeding
- Inbreeding
- Artificial Insemination
Mating individuals with desirable traits
Selective Breeding
Combining traits from different breeds.
Crossbreeding
Mating closely related animals to fix traits
Inbreeding
Controlled reproduction using selected genetic material
Artificial Insemination
What type of breeding can cause depression due to reduced genetic diversity
Inbreeding
