1-IMPORTANCE OF ANIMAL BREEDING Flashcards
Selective crossing of animals to produce offspring with desirable traits.
Animal Breeding
Choosing which animals will reproduce to influence future generations.
Selection
Applying genetic principles to enhance desirable qualities in animals.
Breeding
The scientific study of heredity and variation in living organisms.
Genetics
The basic unit of heredity that transmits traits between generations.
Gene
Breeding programs increase yields of milk, meat, eggs, and wool.
Enhanced Productivity
Selecting animals with natural immunity to reduce antibiotic use.
Disease Resistance
Improved breeds lead to higher efficiency and profits for farmers.
Economic Benefits
Breeding animals to withstand heat, cold, and drought.
Adaptation to Environmental Change
Maintaining variation to prevent inbreeding and ensure long-term survival.
Preservation of Genetic Diversity
Producing animals that require less feed and create less waste.
Sustainable and Efficient Breeding
Using tools like CRISPR to modify DNA for better traits.
Genome Editing
Introducing selected genetic material to improve reproduction.
Artificial Insemination
Mating individuals with preferred characteristics.
Selective Breeding
Combining traits from different breeds for hybrid vigor.
Crossbreeding
Mating closely related animals to fix specific traits.
Inbreeding
Loss of genetic diversity leading to weaker traits.
Inbreeding Depression
Moral issues surrounding selective and genetic breeding.
Ethical Concerns
Advanced techniques require expertise.
Dependence on Skilled Personnel
Identifying superior genes in a population.
Genomic Selection
Precisely modifying genetic material.
CRISPR Gene Editing
Linking traits to specific genetic markers for better breeding.
DNA Marker-Assisted Selection
Creating genetically identical copies of animals.
Cloning
Faster selection, reduced genetic disorders, climate adaptation, and biodiversity conservation.
Benefits of Genetics in Breeding
High costs, ethical concerns, reduced diversity, and public skepticism.
Challenges in Applying Genetics
Differences in DNA that affect traits like growth, reproduction, and health.
Genetic Variation
The influence of surroundings on animal traits.
Environmental Variance
