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Epidemiology > 1. Health Surveillance Systems > Flashcards

1. Health Surveillance Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Systematic continuous observation of populations, and collection and analysis of data from many varied sources

A

Surveillance

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2
Q

What 5 things are needed to implement a surveillance system?

A
  1. Central unit
  2. Local people
  3. Labs
  4. People of response
  5. Communication system
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3
Q

What are the 4 categories of surveillance?

A
  1. Animal health
  2. Public health
  3. Biosurveillance
  4. Food safety
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4
Q

What are the two goals of animal health surveillance?

A
  1. Maintain and improve animal health, animal welfare, and economic viability
  2. Protection of public health
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5
Q

What are the 5 purposes of a surveillance system?

A
  1. Rapid detection of outbreaks
  2. Support disease control/elimination
  3. Assess pop. health and safety of food
  4. Produce information about disease
  5. Evaluate disease control/bio-security programs
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6
Q

What is situational intelligence?

A

Assess situation and identify issues

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7
Q

What are members of OIE responsible for in regards for assessing population health

A

estimate the disease risk ass. with their animal and animal product

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8
Q

What are the 3 components of surveillance?

A
  1. Detection
  2. Response
  3. Communication
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9
Q

What is detection?

A

observation of population or collection, analysis and interpretation of data from pop.

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10
Q

What is the goal of detection?

A

timely detection or identification

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11
Q

What is response?

A

the immediate response to disease outbreaks and events

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12
Q

What is the goal of response?

A

Timely, approptriate response to disease events

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13
Q

What is the goal of communication?

A

produce and communicate timely accurate info

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14
Q

What are the 4 types of sruveillance?

A
  1. passive surveillance
  2. active surveillance
  3. Targeted surveillance
  4. Sentinel surveillance
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15
Q

What is the most common type of surveillance?

A

passive

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16
Q

spontaneous report of cases or suspicion of a disease

A

Passive surveillance

17
Q

In passive surveillance, who is responsible for submitting data?

A

individual sample collector

18
Q

T/F In passive surveillance, the central unit actively looks for the disease

A

F. does not

19
Q

Reportable disease programs fall under what category of surveillance?

A

passive

20
Q

What are the 3 pros of passive surveillance?

A
  1. continuous
  2. emerging disease
  3. inexpensive
21
Q

What are the cons of passive surveilance

A
  1. no control on data origin
  2. not representative of population
  3. No report of stigmatized disease
22
Q

Type of surveillance with committed effort of the central unit to obtain sample/data

A

Active survellance

23
Q

T/F. In active surveillance, the subjects initiate sample/info collection

A

T

24
Q

What are the pros of active surveillance?

A
  1. reptresentitive of the pop.

2. Valid estimate of disease occurance

25
Q

What are the cons of Active surveillance?

A
  1. Cost and labor expensive
  2. Only once or rarely
  3. Problem is no individual id
26
Q

What is targeted surveillance?

A

active surveillance with biased selection of subject

27
Q

What are the pros of Targeted surveillance

A
  1. Enhanced detection of Dz for lower cost

2. Good to assess freedom of disease

28
Q

What are the cons of Targeted surveillance?

A
  1. Representitiveness of pop

2. Less accurate data to estimate amt. of the data

29
Q

What is Sentinel surveillance?

A

type of targeted surveillance where sm. group is monitored as an indicator of the grater pop. health or dz risk

30
Q

What are the pros of sentinel surveilance?

A
  1. Less expensive

2. Early warning

31
Q

What are the cons of Sentinel surveillence?

A
  1. Representitiveness of pop.

2. Intensive (multiple meassures)

Epidemiology (8 decks)

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