[1] GI Secretions

Question 1

How much liquid does the small intestine absorb per day?

Answer 1

8.5L

Question 2

3 Principle Regulatory Mechanisms

Answer 2

Endocrine
Neurocrine
Paracrine

Question 3

Define: Chemosenses

Answer 3

Nerve endings found on the eyes, nose, mouth, and throat

Olfactory Cells
Gustatory Cells
Common Chemical Senses

Question 4

What elicits secretions?

Answer 4

Secretagons

Question 5

How much saliva produced in a day?

Answer 5

1.5L

Question 6

Functions of Saliva

Answer 6

1. Moisten food
2. Begin chemical digestion (amylase)
3. Adjust appetite and facilitate taste
4. Bacteriostatic action (bacteriolysin)
5. Neutralization of refluxed gastric contents
6. Aid in speech

Question 7

Secretion: Chief Cell

Answer 7

Pepsinogen

Gastric Lipase

Question 8

Secretion: Parietal Cell

Answer 8

HCL

IF

Question 9

Secretion: G Cell

Answer 9

Gastrin

Question 10

Secretion: D Cell

Answer 10

Somatostatin

Question 11

Function: Gastric Lipase

Answer 11

Fat breakdown

Question 12

Function: Pepsinogen

Answer 12

Peptide bond breakdown

Question 13

Function: IF

Answer 13

Vitamin B12 Absorption

Question 14

Rates of Secretion of Gastric Acid

Greater in night/morning?

Answer 14

Night

Question 15

Function: Somatostatin

Answer 15

Inhibit acid secretion

Question 16

Agonists of Acid Secretion

Answer 16

Ach: Cholinergic Nerve Terminals (Neurocrine)

Gastrin: G Cells via Bloodstream (Endocrine)

Histamine: ECL cells by Diffusion (Paracrine)

Question 17

Strongest Agonist of Acid Secretion

Answer 17

Acetylcholine

Question 18

Best Inhibitor of Acid

Answer 18

Acid itself when pH < 1.8

Question 19

Most Important Inhibitor of Acid

Answer 19

Somatostatin

Question 20

What is the receptor for Gastrin?

Answer 20

CCK2

Question 21

What is the receptor for Acetylcholine?

Answer 21

Muscarinic Receptors

Question 22

What is the receptor for Histamine?

Answer 22

H2 Receptors

Question 23

[Lecturer “For the Exam” Question]

All of the following acts through a mechanism where you have increased cytosolic calcium except?

Answer 23

Histamine

Question 24

pH of the Gastric Mucosal Barrier

Answer 24

Cell Surface: 7

Gastric Lumen: 1-2

Question 25

Inhibitors of Mucus and HCO3 Secretions

Answer 25

Aspirin

NSAIDS

Question 26

[Lecturer “For the Exam” Question]

1. Secretin would result in what kind of pancreatic fluid?
2. CCK would result in what kind of pancreatic fluid?

Answer 26

1. Fluid rich in HCO3

2. Enzyme Rich

Question 27

In the salivary gland the primary secretion is elaborated by?

A. Acinar Cells
B. Intercalated Ducts
C. Excretory Ducts

Answer 27

A

Question 28

Under what type of control is salivary secretion?

Answer 28

Predominantly Neural (Both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic, with PS being greater)

Question 28

Under what type of control is salivary secretion?

Answer 28

Predominantly Neural (Both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic, with PS being greater)

Question 29

[Cause and Effect]

1. Ach and CCK on Ca
2. Secretin and VIP on cAMP
3. Somatostatin on cAMP

Answer 29

1. Increases
2. Increases
3. Decreases

Question 29

[Cause and Effect]

1. Ach and CCK on Ca
2. Secretin and VIP on cAMP
3. Somatostatin on cAMP

Answer 29

1. Increases
2. Increases
3. Decreases