1. Fundamentos Y Omeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

Habilidad del organismo para mantener condiciones internas relativamente estables.

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2
Q

Feedback sistem

A

Receptor —> Afferent pathway —> Control Center —> Efferent pathway —> Effector

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3
Q
  1. Stimulus
A

Produces change in variable

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4
Q
  1. Receptor
A

Detects change.

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5
Q
  1. Input
A

Information in sent along afferent pathway to Control Center

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6
Q
  1. Output
A

Information is sent along efferent pathway to effector.

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7
Q
  1. Response
A

Response of effector feeds back to reduce the effect of stimulus and returns variable to homeostatic level.

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8
Q

El cuerpo humano tiene ___ de células

A

100 trillones

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9
Q

Distribución del agua en el cuerpo

A

Mujer. 45% solids + 55% fluids.
Hombre. 40% solids + 60% fluids.

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10
Q

Total body fluid

A

(60% fluids in male body)

2/3 Intracellular fluid (ICF)
1/3 Extracellular fluid (ECF) = 80% Interstitial fluid + 20% blood (plasma)

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11
Q

Equilibrio o solar entre el medio externó y el medio interno

A

Hipertónico= Sale agua. Crenación
Isotonico= sale y entra. Normal.
Hipotónico= Entra agua. Citólisis

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12
Q

Electrolitos

A
  1. Regulan la ósmosis del agua
  2. Equilibrio ácido-base
  3. Poseen carga eléctrica
  4. Cofactores
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13
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos.
Na+

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 142
-Interstitial fluid: 145

Intracellular fluid: 10

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14
Q

Concentraciones de electrolitos
K+

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 4
-Interstitial fluid: 4

Intracellular fluid: 140

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15
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Ca2+

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 5
-Interstitial fluid: 3

Intracellular fluid: 0.2

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16
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Mg2+

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 2
-Interstitial fluid: 2

Intracellular fluid: 35

17
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Cl-

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 100
-Interstitial fluid: 117

Intracellular fluid: 3

18
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
HCO3-

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 24
-Interstitial fluid: 27

Intracellular fluid: 15

19
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
HPO4 2- (organic)

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 2
-Interstitial fluid: 2

Intracellular fluid: 100

20
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
SO4 2-

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 1
-Interstitial fluid: 1

Intracellular fluid: 20

21
Q

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Protein anions

A

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 20
-Interstitial fluid: 2

Intracellular fluid: 50

22
Q

Hematocrito
+plasma

A

5.5 l de sangre

23
Q

Movimiento del agua

A

Paso de agua de la sangre al líquido intersticial

Hidrostático vs Oncótico

24
Q

Edema

A

En órganos específicos:
Cerebral, Pulmonar, Ascitis, Derrame pleural y pericárdico.

Anasarca

25
Q

Anasarca

A

Hinchazón general de todo el cuerpo