1. Fundamentos Y Omeostasis

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Habilidad del organismo para mantener condiciones internas relativamente estables.

Question 2

Feedback sistem

Answer 2

Receptor —> Afferent pathway —> Control Center —> Efferent pathway —> Effector

Question 3

1. Stimulus

Answer 3

Produces change in variable

Question 4

2. Receptor

Answer 4

Detects change.

Question 5

3. Input

Answer 5

Information in sent along afferent pathway to Control Center

Question 6

4. Output

Answer 6

Information is sent along efferent pathway to effector.

Question 7

5. Response

Answer 7

Response of effector feeds back to reduce the effect of stimulus and returns variable to homeostatic level.

Question 8

El cuerpo humano tiene ___ de células

Answer 8

100 trillones

Question 9

Distribución del agua en el cuerpo

Answer 9

Mujer. 45% solids + 55% fluids.
Hombre. 40% solids + 60% fluids.

Question 10

Total body fluid

Answer 10

(60% fluids in male body)

2/3 Intracellular fluid (ICF)
1/3 Extracellular fluid (ECF) = 80% Interstitial fluid + 20% blood (plasma)

Question 11

Equilibrio o solar entre el medio externó y el medio interno

Answer 11

Hipertónico= Sale agua. Crenación
Isotonico= sale y entra. Normal.
Hipotónico= Entra agua. Citólisis

Question 12

Electrolitos

Answer 12

1. Regulan la ósmosis del agua
2. Equilibrio ácido-base
3. Poseen carga eléctrica
4. Cofactores

Question 13

Concentraciones de los electrolitos.
Na+

Answer 13

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 142
-Interstitial fluid: 145

Intracellular fluid: 10

Question 14

Concentraciones de electrolitos
K+

Answer 14

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 4
-Interstitial fluid: 4

Intracellular fluid: 140

Question 15

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Ca2+

Answer 15

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 5
-Interstitial fluid: 3

Intracellular fluid: 0.2

Question 16

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Mg2+

Answer 16

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 2
-Interstitial fluid: 2

Intracellular fluid: 35

Question 17

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Cl-

Answer 17

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 100
-Interstitial fluid: 117

Intracellular fluid: 3

Question 18

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
HCO3-

Answer 18

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 24
-Interstitial fluid: 27

Intracellular fluid: 15

Question 19

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
HPO4 2- (organic)

Answer 19

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 2
-Interstitial fluid: 2

Intracellular fluid: 100

Question 20

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
SO4 2-

Answer 20

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 1
-Interstitial fluid: 1

Intracellular fluid: 20

Question 21

Concentraciones de los electrolitos
Protein anions

Answer 21

Extracellular fluids
-Blood plasma: 20
-Interstitial fluid: 2

Intracellular fluid: 50

Question 22

Hematocrito
+plasma

Answer 22

5.5 l de sangre

Question 23

Movimiento del agua

Answer 23

Paso de agua de la sangre al líquido intersticial

Hidrostático vs Oncótico

Question 24

Edema

Answer 24

En órganos específicos:
Cerebral, Pulmonar, Ascitis, Derrame pleural y pericárdico.

Anasarca

Question 25

Anasarca

Answer 25

Hinchazón general de todo el cuerpo