1(f) (g) (h)- Bonding (ionic, covalent, metallic)❗️ Flashcards
What do ionic bonds form between?
Metals and non metals
State the charge on ion for each group of the periodic table.
1: +1
2: 2+
2: 3+
4: rarely form ions
5: 3-
6: 2-
7: 1-
8: don’t form ions
What is an intermolecular force?
A weak attraction between 2 molecules
Do covalent bonds form between metals or non- metals?
NON METALS ONLY
When do covalent bonds form?
Electrostatic force of attraction between the shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the 2 atoms sharing them
What do ions always form?
Ionic lattices
Describe the melting points of ionic compounds
High melting and boiling points because of the large amount of energy needed to break the string bonds of the ions
Why do you need a high temperature to break ionic bonds?
There are strong electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions
What is the structure of ionic compounds?
Giant lattice structure
What’s the charge on Ag
+
What’s the charge on Fe
2+
What’s the charge on Pb
2+
What’s the charge on Cu
2+
What’s the charge on Zn
2+
What’s the charge on hydrogen
+
What’s the charge on hydroxide OH
-
What’s the charge on Ammonium Nh4
+
What’s the charge on Carbonate CO3
2-
What’s the charge on SO4
2-
What’s the charge on nitrate NO3
-
Why are metals malleable?
Ions are able to move past eachother within the lattice arrangement
What keep ions kept together in a metal?
The sea of delocalised electrons surrounding them
Why do metals have high melting and boiling points?
The electrostatic forces of attraction between electrons and ions are very strong
How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in a diamond?
4
Describe the properties of diamond
- High melting point
- hard and strong
- does not conduct electricity
- lattice structure
How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in graphite?
3
Describe the structure of graphite
- very high melting and boiling point
- soft and weak (layers can slide)
- can conduct electricity
What kind of substance is C 60 fullerene?
Simple molecular substance
Describe the properties of C 60 fullerene?
- large covalent molecules
- soft due to weak intermolecular forces
- weak conductor of electricity
Why is C 60 fullerene a weak conductor of electricity?
Has one delocalised electron which cannot flow
Do covalent compounds conduct electricity?
No
What is metallic bonding?
The attraction between the positive ions and delocalised electrons that keeps the ions together
