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Neuro Pt. 2 > 1 Exam And Localization > Flashcards

1 Exam And Localization Flashcards

1
Q

6 components of neurolocalization

A 
Menation
Gait/posture
Cranial nerves
Postural reactions
Segmental reflexes
Palpation and range of motion
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2
Q

Levels of mentation

A 
Alert
Obtunded
Stuporous
Comatose
Ded
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3
Q

Obtunded

A

Decreased but not absent response to normal stimuli

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4
Q

Stuporouus

A

Non responsive to normal stimuli

Responsive to noxious stimuli

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5
Q

Comatose

A

Not responsive to noxious stimuli

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6
Q

Dead

A

“…look through their pockets for loose change”

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7
Q

Ataxia

A

Lack of coordination

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8
Q

Cerebellar ataxia

A

Wide based stance
Hypermetria
Truncate sway

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9
Q

Vestibular ataxia

A

Wide based stance
Leaning
Listing
Drunken sailor

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10
Q

Proprioceptive ataxia

A

Lack of coordination

Lack of awareness and paresis

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11
Q

Decerebrate posture

A

Comatose
Rigid extension in all limbs
Trying to die

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12
Q

De cerebellar posture

A

acute cerebellar lesions

Extended TL, flexed PLs

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13
Q

Schiff-Sherrington

A

Severe, acute T3-L3 lesions

Not prognostic

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14
Q

Testing menace

A

Afferent: CN 2
Efferent: CN 6

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15
Q

Testing PLR CN

A

Afferent: CN 2
Efferent: PS. CN2

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16
Q

Palpebral. Cranial nerves

A

Medial canthus: afferent. - 5 opth

Lateral canthus: afferent - 5max

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17
Q

Facial. Symmetry cranial nerve

A

CN. 7

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18
Q

Physiologic nystagmus. Cranial nerves

A

afferent.: CN 8

Efferent:: CN 3,4,6

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19
Q

Gag. Reflexs cranial nerves

A

Afferent:: CN 9,10

Efferent CN. 9

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20
Q

Tongue. Function. CN

A

CN 12

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21
Q

Cutaneous trunci nerves

A

C8-T1

22
Q

Thoracic limb withdrawal nerve segments

A

Biceps. & usculocutaneous:: C6-C8

Triceps & radial: C8T2

23
Q

Patellar reflexs Nerve segment

A

Femoral nerve

L4-L6

24
Q

Withdrawal reflex nerve

A

sciatic

L6-S1

25
Q

First neurolocalization segment (after brain)

A

C1-C5

26
Q

Second neurolocalization segment

A

C6-T2

27
Q

Third neurolocalization segment

A

T3-L3

28
Q

Fourth neurolocalization segment

A

L4-S3

29
Q

Segmental reflex deficits, brain or not brain

A

Not brain

30
Q

CP deficits + ataxia + paresis, brain or not brain

A

Either

31
Q

Behavior changes, CN deficits, seizures, brain or not brain

A

Brain

32
Q

CN originating from the Forebrain

A

I + II

33
Q

CN originating from the cerebellum

A

none

34
Q

CN coming from the mid brain

A

III-IV

35
Q

CN coming from the pons

A

V

36
Q

CN coming form the medulla oblongata

A

VI-XII

37
Q

How do forebrain deficits present

A

Seizures, circling, compulsive, behavior changes
Blindness, non-ocular (central blindness)
Postural reaction deficits
Normal gait

38
Q

How do cerebellar deficits present

A

Head tilt, nystagmus, loss of menace,

Intention tremors, truncal sway, ataxia, hypermetria

39
Q

What is not present with cerebellar deficit

A

Paresis, behavior changes, CP deficits

40
Q

How do brain stem lesions present

A

Decreased mentation

CN deficits: III-XII

41
Q

What gait will an animal have with brain stem deficiencies

A

Vestibular or proprioceptive ataxia

42
Q

Central vestibular presentation

A 
CP deficits
Paresis
ataxia
Hypermetria
Mentation
\+/- other CN
43
Q

Peripheral vestibular presentation

A

Head tilt
Nystagmus
Other CN deficits (VII)
Ataxia

44
Q

What diarrheal medication may cause vestibular signs

A

Metronidazole

45
Q

Extended, difficult to flex limb. Lesion location

A

Upper motor neuron

46
Q

Flaccid, unable to support weight. Lesion location

A

Lower motor neuron

47
Q

Neurolocalization: Animal with tetraparesis, ataxia, increased reflexes, +/- ambulation

A

C1-C5

48
Q

Neurolocalization: tetraparesis, ataxia, Thoracic L: normal to decreased reflex, pelvic L: normal to increased reflexes, 2 engine gait

A

C6-T2

49
Q

Neurolocalization: Paraparesis, increased PL tone, PL ataxia, normal to increased PL reflexes, normal TL reflexes.

A

T3-L3

50
Q

Neurolocalization: PL ataxia, para-paresis, decreased PL muscle tone and reflexes, possible incontinence

A

L4-S3

51
Q

Neurolocalization: general paresis, no ataxia, no pain, decreased reflexes

A

LMN

Neuro Pt. 2 (7 decks)

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