1. Evolution of Cells and Classification of Organisms Flashcards
1
Q
A Cell
A
Fundamental units of life
- All organisms are made of cells
- The cell is simplest collection of matter alive
- cell structure is correlated to cellular function
- all cells related by descent from earlier cells
2
Q
Cell Evolution : A brief history of (Cell) Time
A
- First organisms single - celled
- Fossils of bacteria-like organisms - 3 billion years old
Evidence for a common ancestor:
– Presence of common cellular structures
– Presence of common biochemical building blocks
– Same patterns of metabolism
– Common genetic code (with some rare variations)
3
Q
The three Domains of life
A
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
4
Q
The Web of life
A
Animals Fungi Plants Protists Algaea
5
Q
The Eukaryotic Tree of life
A
Plantae Choanoflagellata Animalia Fungi Flagellates, amobae, parassitic taxa
6
Q
The cell: a living unit greater than the sum of its parts
A
- cells rely on integration of structures + organelles to function
Example:
macrophage’s ability to destroy bacteria involving the whole cell. This coordinates components such as cytoskeleton, lysosomes + plasma membrane
7
Q
Extracellular components + connections between cells help coordinate cellular activities
A
- most cells synthesize + secrete materials that are external to plasma membrane
These extracellular structures include:
- cell walls of plants
- extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells
- intracellular junctions
