1: Doing Philosophy Flashcards
It has many aspects and different manifestations according to the problems involved and the method of approach and emphasis used by the individual philosopher.
Philosophy
meaning ‘the love of wisdom
philosophía
is the idea that all the properties of a given system cannot be determined or explained by its component parts alone, but the system as a whole determines in an important way how the parts behave.
Holism
the principle of Holismcomes from the Greek word “holos” meaning
“all” or “total”
The term “holism” was only introduced into the language by
Jan Smuts, 1926
the position that a complex system can be explained by reduction to its fundamental parts
Epistemological Reductionism
this is the position that sentences have meaning or content completely independently of their relations to other sentences or beliefs
Atomism
the claim that a single scientific theory cannot be tested in isolation, because a test of one theory always depends on other theories and hypotheses.
Epistemological Holism (or Confirmation Holism)
dependent on theory
theory-laden
is a doctrine in the Philosophy of Language to the effect that a certain part of language can only be understood through its relations to a (previously understood) larger segment of language, possibly the entire language.
Semantic Holism
is not widely accepted among philosophers
Semantic Holism
only within the context of a proposition or sentence that a word acquires its meaning.
Context Principle, Gottlob Frege (1884)
A compromise position, which holds that the meanings of words depend on some subset of the language
Moderate Holism (or Semantic Molecularism)
The argument then arises as to which parts of a language are “constitutive” of the meaning of an expression.
Moderate Holism (or Semantic Molecularism)
