#1 - different types of joints Flashcards
anatomy: the study of ____
structure.
“what is it”
physiology: study of ___
function.
“what does it do”
principle of complementary:
structure/shape affects function.
tissue types (4)
1- epithelial;
covering/linings
2- connective;
bone, blood, cartilage, dense, loose
3- muscular;
cardiac, skeletal (contraction), smooth (arteries/veins)
4- nervous;
neurons, support cells
BONE TISSUE is made of ___ ____ tissue,
and forms most of the ____.
its functions include:
hard connective,
skeleton,
functions:
-protect vitals
-support body
-basis for movement
-store minerals
-marrow supplies new red blood cells
bone classification (4)
1- long / tubular;
-bones of limbs
ex. femur, humerus, fingers & toes
2- short / cuboidal;
-bones of wrist & ankle
ex. patella (sesamoid)
3- flat;
-serve as protection
ex. skull & sternum, ribs
4- irregular;
-various shapes
ex. vertebrae & facial bones, hips
MUSCLES: connect ___ to ___
contractions produce ___
TENDONS to BONES
-bones/cartilage/ligaments/fascia
movement.
ORIGIN
-proximal end
-where it originates
-does not move
INSERTION
-distal end
-moveable
TENDONS: connect ___ to ___
stores ___ & transmits ___
MUSCLE to BONE
energy, force
LIGAMENTS: connect ___ to ___
provide ___ & have ___ properties
BONE to BONE
stability, elastic
+ every bone is in one
JOINTS: allow ___ of the ___
3 classifications
movement, skeleton
FIBROUS
CARTILAGINOUS
SYNOVIAL
a place of union/junction between 2 or more bones
ARTICULATION
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS:
united by ___ or ___
hyaline cartilage (primary),
-allow growth of bone
fibrocartilage (secondary)
-IVD bound to vertebrae
FIBROUS joints: united by ___ tissues
fibrous
-immovable
ex. skull sutures
SYNOVIAL joints: united by ___
3 roles they play idk wtf
ARTICULAR CAPSULE,
most common type of joint
moveable
lubricate, nourish, clean
6 types of SYNOVIAL JOINTS: PHPCSB
plane
hinge
pivot
condyloid
saddle
ball & socket
PLANE joints:articulating surfaces are ___ or ___
movement is ___ & ___, or ___ to ___
flat, slightly curved
back, forth, side to side
synarthrosis are ___
amphythrosis are slightly ___
diarthrosis is hardly ___
moveable
HINGE joints: (shape & example)
cylindrical shape of one bone fits into trough shaped surface of another bone
ex. knee & elbow
PIVOT joints: (shape & example)
one bone pivots into ring/sleeve of another
uniaxial, rotation
ex. radioulnar & c1/c2 dens
CONDYLOID joints: (shape & example)
rounded surface of one bone fits in concavity of another
biaxial, movement in sagittal/coronal planes
ex. knuckles, wrist
SADDLE joints: (shape & example)
articular surface is saddle shaped, other bone fits in saddle
biaxial
ex. thumb
BALL & SOCKET joints (shape & example)
spherical head of one bone fits into socket of another
multiaxial rotation
ex. shoulder & hip
greater range =
less stability
ex. shoulder
