1 - Circulation

Question 1

Blood enters the - side of the heart. It is -
Blood is then pumped into the lungs to pick up some -
Blood is now - and travels back to the heart
Boos is then pumped around the body, so that every cell gets its vital - so that every cell can carry out the process of -

Answer 1

Right, deoxygenated
Oxygen
Oxygenated
Oxygen, respiration

Question 2

The blood flowing through the right side of the heart and going to the lungs is called the - -
The blood flowing through the lefts side of the heart and going around the rest of the body is called the - -

Answer 2

Pulmonary circulation

Systemic circulation

Question 3

Which blood vessel carries food to the liver for storage?

Answer 3

Hepatic portal vein

Question 4

Which blood vessel carried blood rich in oxygen away from the lungs?

Answer 4

Pulmonary vein

Question 5

Which blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?

Answer 5

Vena cava

Question 6

Which blood vessel carries blood to the lungs?

Answer 6

Pulmonary artery

Question 7

Which blood vessel carries blood rich in oxygen away from the heart?

Answer 7

Aorta

Question 8

Which blood vessel carries blood to the kidneys?

Answer 8

Renal artery

Question 9

What does the blood do?

Answer 9

Pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen

Pumps blood containing sugar and oxygen to every cell in the body

Question 10

What keeps blood flowing in one direction through the heart?

Answer 10

Valves open one way to prevent backflow.

Question 11

Explain why the walls of ventricles are thicker than atria.

Answer 11

They need to pump blood all around the body, because the ventricles require more energy than the atria.
Atria contract and squeeze the blood into the ventricles

Question 12

Explain why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall on the right ventricle.

Answer 12

Left side pumps blood around the body (greater force)

Right side only pumps blood to the lungs.

Question 13

What happens when your heart when you get excited or exercise - explain why?

Answer 13

Heart rate increases.

Your muscles need more energy.

Question 14

What causes pulse?

Answer 14

rhythmic dilation of an artery generated by the opening and closing of the aortic valve in the heart.

Question 15

What is the red blood cells function?

Answer 15

Contain iron pigment called haemoglobin which can pick up oxygen.

Question 16

What is the function of a white blood cell?

Answer 16

They are able to detect bacteria and then destroy them before they harm the body

Question 17

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 17

They help to clot the blood which prevents bacteria and dirt from getting in.

Question 18

Other than red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, what makes up the blood?

Answer 18

Plasma

Question 19

What is plasma?

Answer 19

The liquid portion of the blood

Question 20

What are capillaries?

Answer 20

Narrow blood tubes

Question 21

What do red blood cells contain?

Answer 21

Haemoglobin

Question 22

What do white blood cells do? (Short)

Answer 22

Fight against disease occurring.

Question 23

What are antibodies?

Answer 23

Can be produced by a certain type of blood cell.

Question 24

What do platelets do? (short)

Answer 24

Help the blood to clot so prevents invaders

Question 25

What is the heart?

Answer 25

The body’s blood pump

Question 26

Blood is pumped by the -
The heart contains - chambers, the upper chambers are called the - and the lower chambers are called -
Blood pumped out of the right side of the heart to the lungs where is picks up -
This is pumped back to the left side of the heart.
This is the - circulation.
The left side of the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body. This is the - circulation.

Answer 26

Heart
4, atria, ventricles.
Oxygen
Pulmonary
Systemic

Question 27

Explain why the left side of the heart has a thicker muscle than the right side.

Answer 27

The left wall is thicker because it pumps blood around the body while the right pumps blood to the lungs, located close to the heart.

Question 28

How can exercise reduce stress?

Answer 28

Exercise stimulates the release of brain chemicals similar to morphine. Causes the ‘high’.

Question 29

If a man who has been resting starts doing some strenuous exercises, what is the effect on the rate at which the heart beats?

Answer 29

The heart rate goes up a lot.

Question 30

Does a fit or unfit person have a higher heart beat rate on average.

Answer 30

An unfit person has a higher heart rate

Question 31

A fit heart pumps a larger volume of blood with each ‘beat’ than an unfit heart. Why is it an advantage to be fit?

Answer 31

There is more blood pumped around the body with one beat.
It supplies the needs of the body quicker and there is less strain on the heart which means there is less chance of having a heart attack.

Question 32

What effect does exercise sometimes have on blood pressure, and why is it important?

Answer 32

Exercise prevents high blood pressure.

People with low blood pressure are less likely to have a heart attack.

Question 33

A middle aged man who was overweight was not only put on a diet by his doctor but was also told to do regular exercise. Why?

Answer 33

Exercise burns off body fat.

People who are overweight, having high blood pressure, can suffer from heart disease.

Question 34

What effect does exercise have on the coronary arteries and why is it important?

Answer 34

With exercise they become wider and the build up of fatty deposits is less likely.
This reduces the risk of heart disease.

Question 35

What significant result was obtained from the London transport study?
And what was the reason for it?
Why might this information be misleading?

Answer 35

Drivers had twice as many fatal heart attacks as conductors.

The information may be misleading because the drivers could have been fit.

Question 36

What can lead to heart disease?

Answer 36

Stress, 
lack of exercise, 
smoking, 
an unhealthy diet, 
high cholesterol.

Question 37

How can you avoid heart disease?

Answer 37

Don’t smoke
Healthy diet
Exercise regularly
Relax