1 - Cells and Tissues -pages 29 to 43 Flashcards
Name the key organelles found in body cells
Nucleus & Nucleolus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoskeleton
Describe the nucleus
A round structure that contains the bodys genetic information (DNA)
Which body cells do not have a nucleus
Red blood cells
Why are red blood cells non nucleated?
To maximise the space to carry oxygen in the blood
Which organelle is the brain of the cell?
Nucleus
What other organelle does the nucleus contain and what does it produce?
Nucleolus which produces ribonucleic acid (RNA)
What surrounds the nucleus and separates it from the cytoplasm?
A double layered nuclear membrane
What does the nuclear membrane contain that allows substances to move in and out of the nucleus?
Nuclear pores
What other organelle is the nuclear membrane continuous with?
Rough Endo plasmic reticulum
What is a Chromosome and where is it found?
Found in the Nucleus of cells
Thread like structures carrying genetic information (genes)
How many chromosomes are in each cell of the body?
46 or 23 pairs
Except sex cells
Normal body cells are called?
Somatic cells
Sex cells are called?
Gametes
What are the hereditary units called arranged along chromosomes?
Genes
What are Chromosomes formed from
Coiled DNA
What do the 23rd pair of chromosomes do?
Dtermines inheriteance of sex
What are the sex chromosomes for males?
XY
What are the sex chromosomes for females?
XX
What shape does DNA form?
A double helix
Name the proteins the double helix coils around
Histones