1 Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

What line separates the hypochondrium/epigastric from the urachus/flank

Answer 1

Rib 10

Question 2

What line separates the urachus from the pubic area

Answer 2

Iliac tubercle

Question 3

What level is the transpyloric plane

Answer 3

L1

Question 4

What is at the transpyloric plane

Answer 4

Level of gallbladder fundus, pylorus, pancreatic neck, superior mesenteric artery, hepatic portal v, root of transverse mesocolon, and hila of kidneys

Question 5

What level is the subcostal plane

Answer 5

L3

Question 6

What level is the transtubercle plane

Answer 6

L5

Question 7

What level is the interspinous plane

Answer 7

S2

Question 8

What is the line between the abdominal and pelvic cavity

Answer 8

Pelvic inlet (top of pubic symphisis)

Question 9

What is the fatty portion of the abdomen

Answer 9

Campers fascia

Question 10

What is found behind the fatty portion of the abdomen

Answer 10

Scarpa’s fascia

Question 11

Scarpa’s fascia connects to ________________ but is not continuous

Answer 11

Fascia lata

Question 12

Scarpa’s fascia is continuous and open to what

Answer 12

Colle’s fascia

Question 13

What direction does the external oblique run

Answer 13

Downward

Question 14

What does the external oblique muscle run with

Answer 14

Serratus anterior

Question 15

What is the origin of the external oblique

Answer 15

Lower 6 ribs

Question 16

What is the insertion of the external oblique muscle

Answer 16

Aponeurosis and linea alba as well as anterior iliac crest and pubic tubercle

Question 17

What is the innervation of the external oblique muscle

Answer 17

Vetnral rami of T7-12

Question 18

What is the action of the external oblique muscle

Answer 18

Compress abdomen and increase intra-abdominal pressure and moves trunk and retains posture

Question 19

The tendons of what muscle forms the inguinal ligament

Answer 19

External oblique muscle

Question 20

What direction does the internal oblique muscle run

Answer 20

Upward from the flanks

Question 21

What is the origin of the internal oblique muscle

Answer 21

Iliac crest and some of the thoracolumbar fascia

Question 22

What is the insertion of the internal oblique muscle

Answer 22

Lower 10-12 ribs, aponeurosis, linea alba, and pubic crest

Question 23

The lower part of what muscle makes up the conjoined tendon

Answer 23

Internal oblique muscle

Question 24

What is the innervation of the internal oblique muscle

Answer 24

T7-12 and L1

Question 25

What is the action of the internal oblique muscle

Answer 25

Compresses and supports viscera and laterally flexes and rotates

Question 26

What is the direction of the transversus abdominis muscle

Answer 26

Perpendicular to the spine

Question 27

What is the origin of the transversus abdominis muscle

Answer 27

Lower 7-12 costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and some even off upper inguinal ligament

Question 28

What is the insertion of the transversus abdominis

Answer 28

Linea alba, pecten pubis, and pubic crest

Question 29

What is the innervation of the transversus abdominis

Answer 29

T7-L1

Question 30

What is the action of the transversus abdominis

Answer 30

Compresses and supports viscera

Question 31

What is the origin of the rectus abdominis

Answer 31

Pubic symphysis and pubic crest

Question 32

What is the insertion of rectus abdominis

Answer 32

Xiphoid process and outer surface of 5-7th intercostal cartilages

Question 33

What is the innervation of the rectus abdominis

Answer 33

Ventral rami of t7-12

Question 34

Below the arctuate line where doe the tendons of the abdominal muscles go

Answer 34

Anterior to the rectus abdominis

Question 35

Above the arctuate line, what is the arrangement of the rectus sheath

Answer 35

The external oblique is anterior, the internal is split and the transversus is posterior

Question 36

Where does the thoracoabdominal n come from

Answer 36

T7-11

Question 37

What is a continuation of the intercostal n

Answer 37

Thoracoabdominal n

Question 38

What does the thoraco-abdominal and iliohypogastric nn run between

Answer 38

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis

Question 39

Where does the subcostal n come from

Answer 39

T12

Question 40

Where does the iliohypogastric come from

Answer 40

L1

Question 41

Where does the ilioinguinal come from

Answer 41

L1

Question 42

What two arteries come off the femoral a

Answer 42

Superficial epigastric a and superficial circumflex iliac a

Question 43

What comes off the external iliac a

Answer 43

Deep circumflex iliac a and inferior epigastric a

Question 44

What does the superior epigastric a come off of

Answer 44

Terminal branch of internal thoracic a

Question 45

What causes the median umbilical fold

Answer 45

Obliterated urachus

Question 46

What causes the medial umbilical fold

Answer 46

Obliterated umbilical a

Question 47

What causes the lateral umbilical fold

Answer 47

Inferior epigastric a

Question 48

Where are the anterior fossa on the anterior wall of the abdomen from medial to lateral

Answer 48

Supravesical, medial, lateral

Question 49

What is the line that divides the directions of lymph drainage

Answer 49

Above the umbilicus it goes upward and below it drains into the inguinal

Question 50

What kind of incision is used to access the gallbladder, biliary tract, and spleen

Answer 50

Subcostal

Question 51

Why is a midline incision used

Answer 51

Can be made rapidly and there are few BV or nerves

Question 52

What incision is used to access the appendix

Answer 52

Gridline or McBurney’s point (1/4 the way from the ASIS to the umbilicus

Question 53

What is a suprapubic incision used for

Answer 53

Gynecological/obstetrical surgeries