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[OS 206] 1st Lecture Exam > [1] Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

[1] Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Function: Anterior Abdominal Wall (5)

A
  1. Protect/Support Viscera
  2. Trunk Movement
  3. Diagnose Disease (“Mirror”)
  4. Increase Intra-abdominal Pressure
  5. Ambulation
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2
Q

Superior Limits of AAW

A

Costal Margins

Xiphoid Process

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3
Q

Inferior Limits of AAW

A

ASIS
Inguinal Ligament
Pubic Crest
Symphysis

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4
Q

Lateral Limits of AAW

A

Vertical plane through ASIS

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5
Q

Best area to cut through during abdominal surgery?

Why?

A

Linea alba

It is relatively bloodless

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6
Q

Level of Subcostal Plane

A

L3

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7
Q

Level of Transtubercular Plane

A

L5

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8
Q

Level of Sagittal Plane

A

Midpoints of Clavicle and Inguinal Ligament

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9
Q

Level of Transpyloric Plane

A

L1, L2

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10
Q

Level of Transumbilical Plane

A

L3, L4

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11
Q

Which superficial fascia is fatty?

Which one is membranous?

A

Camper’s Fascia: Fatty

Scarpa’s Fascia: Membranous

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12
Q

Layers of the AAW In Order

A
  1. Skin
  2. Superficial Fascia
  3. Deep Fascia
  4. Muscles
  5. Trasversalis Fascia
  6. Extraperitoneal Fat
  7. Peritoneum
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13
Q

[External Oblique]

What direction do the fibers project?

A

Inferomedial

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14
Q

[Intenral Oblique]

What direction do the fibers project?

A

Superomedially mostly, however the lower layers start projecting inferomedially

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15
Q

Internal Oblique + Transversus Abdominis = ?

A

Conjoint Tendon

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16
Q

Rectus Sheath has contributions from?

A

External and Internal Oblique, Transversus Abdominis

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17
Q

Medial Separation of the Rectus Abdominis

A

Linea Alba

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18
Q

Lateral Separation of the Rectus Abdominis

A

Linea Semilunaris

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19
Q

Is the posterior rectus sheath complete?

A

No it is not. It ends inferiorly as the arcuate line/linea semicircularis

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20
Q

Innervation of the Abdominal Wall

A

Ventral Rami of T5-L1

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21
Q

Terminal Branches of L1

A

Iliohypogastric

Ilioinguinal

22
Q

Differentiate Indirect and Direct Hernia

A

Direct: Medial to the inferior epigastric
Physiologic: Lateral to the interior epigastric as it passes through the inguinal ring

Acronym: LIMD [Lateral Indirect] [Medial Direct]

23
Q

[Inguinal Canal]

Anterior Wall

A

External Oblique Aponeurosis

24
Q

[Inguinal Canal]

Posterior Wall

A

Transversalis Fascia

25
Q

[Inguinal Canal]

Roof

A

Internal Oblique

Transversus Abdominis Muscle

26
Q

[Inguinal Canal]

Floor

A

Inguinal Ligament

27
Q

2 Rings of the Inguinal canal

A

Superficial

Deep

28
Q

Where does the superficial inguinal ring open?

A

External Oblique Aponeurosis

29
Q

[Inguinal Canal]

Contents (Male + Female)

A

Spermatic Cord
Round Ligament of the Uterus
Ilioinguinal Nerve

30
Q

[Spermatic Cord]

Coverings (3)

A

Internal Spermatic Fascia
Cremaster Muscle
External Spermatic Fascia

31
Q

[Spermatic Cord]

Contents (3)

A

Ductus Deferens
Arteries, Nerves, Lymphatic Vessesl
Pampiniform Plexus

32
Q

[Diaphragm]

What are the 3 Apertures?

A

Esophagus
Vena Cava
Aorta

33
Q

At what level are the 3 diaphragmatic apertures found?

A

IVC: T8
Esophagus: T10
Aorta: T12

8-10-12

34
Q

Which of the vagal trunks is anterior?

Which one is posterior?

A

Left: Anterior
Right: Posterior

LARP

35
Q

Origin of Musculophrenic and Pericardiophrenic Artery?

A

Internal Thoracic/Mammary Artery

36
Q

Responsible for the “6-Pack” Formation

A

Tendinous Intersections

37
Q

From where to where does the Inguinal Ligament span?

A

ASIS to Pubic Tubercle

38
Q

Imaginary horizontal line at the level of the umbilicus?

A

Transumbilical Plane

39
Q

The Pyramidalis muscle is present in what % of the population?

40
Q

Function: EO + IO

41
Q

Function: Transversus Abdominis

A

Trunk Flexion

42
Q

Function: EO + IO + TA

43
Q

Function: Rectus Abdominis

A

Passive contraction and spinal extension

44
Q

[Vascular Supply]

Branches of External Iliac

A

Inferior Epigastric

Deep Circumflex Iliac

45
Q

[Vascular Supply]

Branches of Femoral Artery

A

Superficial Circumflex Iliac

46
Q

[Vascular Supply]

Branches of Greater Saphenous Vein

A

Superior Epigastric

47
Q

[Vascular Supply]

4 Primary Blood Vessels of the AAW

A
  1. Internal Thoracic
  2. External Iliac
  3. Greater Saphenous Vein
  4. Femoral Artery
48
Q

What supplies blood to the superior part of the rectus abdominis?

A

Internal Thoracic Artery

49
Q

What supplies blood to the inferior part of the rectus abdominis?

A

Inferior Epigastric Artery

50
Q

[Superficial Lympathics]

Where does lymph drain above the umbilicus?

A

Axillary Nodes/Cervical Nodes

51
Q

[Superficial Lympathics]

Where does lymph drain below the umbilicus?

A

Superficial Inguinal Nodes

52
Q

[Deep Lymphatics]

What is the convergence o the main lymphatic ducts of the abdomen?

A

Cisterna Chyli

[OS 206] 1st Lecture Exam (10 decks)

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