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IX.1. Strategies > 1. Animal Husbandry > Flashcards

1. Animal Husbandry Flashcards

1
Q

Topic - Animal Husbandry

A
  • Agriculture practice of _
  • World’s livestock population
  • Its contribution
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2
Q

It is the scientific agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.
T/F

A

True

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3
Q

It deals with the care & breeding of livestock (buffaloes, cows, pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, camels, goats, etc.), poultry farming, and fisheries.
T/F

A

True

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4
Q

_____% of the world’s livestock population is in India & China.

A

More than 70%

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5
Q

The contribution to the world farm produce is only ___%, i.e., the productivity per unit is very low.

A

25%

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6
Q

Hence new technologies must be applied to improve quality and productivity.
T/F

A

True

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7
Q

Topic - Dairy Farm Management (Dairying)

A
  • Management of _
  • Milk yield depends on _
  • Selection of good breed
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8
Q

It is the management of animals to increase the yield and quality of milk and its products.
T/F

A

True

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9
Q

Milk yield depends on the quality of breeds in the farm.
T/F

A

True

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10
Q

It is important to select good breeds having high-yielding potential and resistance to diseases.
T/F

A

True

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11
Q

Topic - Ways for the yield potential

A
  • Look after cattle
  • Fodder
  • Cleanliness & hygiene
  • Regular inspections
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12
Q

Look after the cattle (housing well, giving adequate water, and maintaining a disease-free environment).
T/F

A

True

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13
Q

Feeding cattle in a scientific manner - emphasis on the quality and quantity of ______.

A

Fodder

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14
Q

Stringent cleanliness and hygiene (of cattle & handlers) while milking, storage, and transporting the milk.
T/F

A

True

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15
Q

Nowadays, these processes have been mechanized. It reduces the chance of direct contact of the produce with the handler.
T/F

A

True

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16
Q

To ensure these stringent measures, regular inspections or visits by a veterinary doctor to identify and rectify problems.
T/F

A

True

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17
Q

Topic - Poultry Farm Management

A
  • Class of _
  • Examples
  • Safe farm conditions
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18
Q

Poultry is the class of domesticated birds used for food or eggs.
Example.

A

E.g., chicken, ducks, turkey, and geese.

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19
Q

Selection of disease-free & suitable breeds with proper and safe farm conditions, i.e., Proper feed, water, hygiene, and healthcare
T/F

A

True

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20
Q

Topic - Animal Breeding

A
  • What is breed?
  • Revolution for milk
  • Improved breed of Cattle, Chicken
  • Types of Breeding
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21
Q

____- is a group of animals related by descent and similar general appearance, features, size, etc.

A

Breed

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22
Q

Animal breeding aims at increasing animal yield and improving the produce’s desirable qualities.
T/F

A

True

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23
Q

_____ revolution is for an increase in the production of milk.

A

White Revolution

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24
Q

Improved breed of-
I. Cattle -
II. Chicken -

A

I. Cattle - Jersey
II. Chicken - Leghorn

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25
Breeding is of 2 types:
1. Inbreeding 2. Out-breeding (Out-cross, Cross-breeding, and Inter-specific hybridization)
26
Topic - Inbreeding
- Definition
27
It is the mating of more closely related individuals within the same breed for 4-6 generations. T/F
True
28
Topic - Inbreeding Strategy
- Identify & Mating of _ - Superior female produces _ - Superior male is _
29
Identify and mate superior males and females of the same breed. T/F
True
30
Evaluate the progeny obtained and identify superior males and females for further mating. T/F
True
31
In cattle, a superior female produces more ___ per lactation and a superior male (bull) gives rise to superior progeny.
More milk per lactation
32
Topic - Advantages of Inbreeding
- Increase _ - Evolve _ - Exposes _ genes - Continues inbreeding reduces _ - Solution of Inbreeding depression
33
It increases ______ to evolve a ______ in any animal.
Homozygosity; Pure lines
34
It exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection. T/F
True
35
It helps in the accumulation of superior genes and the elimination of less desirable genes. This increases the productivity of an inbred population. T/F
True
36
Continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding, may reduce fertility and productivity. This is called ______.
Inbreeding depression
37
Selection of superior males and females is crucial to avoid inbreeding depression. T/F
True
38
To solve the Inbreeding depression problem, selected animals should be mated with ______ (related/unrelated) superior animals of the _____ (different/same) breed.
Unrelated superior animal; Same breed (Not related for 4-6 generations)
39
A single outcross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression. T/F
True
40
Topic - Out-breeding
- Definition - Types
41
It is the breeding of ______ (related/unrelated) animals.
unrelated animals
42
Out-breeding is of 3 types:
1. Out-crossing [same breed but no common ancestor for 4-6 generations] 2. Cross-breeding [Different breed] 3. Inter-specific Hybridization [Different related species]
43
Topic - Out-crossing
- Definition - Best method for _ - Offspring is _ - A single out-cross do _
44
This is the mating of animals within _____ (different/same) breed but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree up to 4-6 generations.
Same breed
45
It is the best method for animals with low milk productivity, the growth rate in beef cattle, etc. T/F
True
46
The offspring of such a mating is known as
Out-cross
47
A single outcross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression. T/F
True
48
Topic - Cross-breeding
- Definition - Desirable qualities are combined? - Examples
49
In this method, superior males of one breed are mated with superior females of ____ (same/different) breed.
Different breed
50
The desirable qualities of 2 different breeds are combined. T/F
True
51
The progeny hybrid animals may be used for commercial production or may be subjected to inbreeding and selection to develop new stable superior breeds. T/F
True
52
Example of Cross-breeding. ______ developed in ______ by crossing ____ and ____.
Hisardale (sheep) developed in Punjab by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams.
53
Topic - Interspecific Hybridization
- Definition - Examples.
54
It is the mating of males and females of two _____ (same/different) related species.
two different related species
55
In some cases, the progeny may combine desirable features of both parents and be of considerable economic value. Example.
Mule (Sterile) is the offspring of a male donkey (jack or ass) and a female horse (mare)
56
Topic - Controlled Breeding Experiment
- Types
57
Controlled Breeding Experiment is of two types:
1. Artificial Insemination 2. MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology)
58
Topic - Artificial Insemination
- Injected into _ - Frozen Semen - Success rate - Solution
59
______ collected from a male parent is injected into the reproductive tract of a selected female by the breeder.
Semen
60
Semen is used immediately or is frozen and used later. Frozen semen can also be transported. T/F
True
61
The success rate of artificial insemination is ____ (low/high) so the solution is ______.
Low; MOET
62
Topic - MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Technology)
- Used for __ improvement - Improve the chances of _ - __ like activity to induce _ & _ - Production of _ eggs per cycle - Fertilized eggs at _ cell stages
63
It is a programme for _____ improvement and improves the chances of the successful production of hybrids.
Herd improvement
64
In this, a cow is administered hormones with ____-like activity to induce ______ and ______.
FSH-like activity; Follicular maturation; Superovulation
65
Superovulation is the production of ____ eggs per cycle instead of one egg.
6-8 eggs per cycle
66
The animal is either mated with an elite bull or artificially inseminated. T/F
True
67
Fertilized eggs at _____ cell stages are recovered non-surgically and transferred to surrogate mothers. The genetic mother is available for another round of superovulation.
8–32 cell stages
68
MOET has been demonstrated for cattle, sheep, rabbits, buffaloes, mares, etc. T/F
True
69
High milk-yielding breeds of females and high-quality (lean meat with less _____) meat-yielding bulls have been bred successfully to increase _____ size in a short time.
lean meat with less lipid; Herd size
70
Topic - Bee-keeping (Apiculture)
- Most common species - Products & its uses - Apiculture is practiced where _
71
It is the maintenance of hives of honeybees for the production of ____ and ____.
Honey and Beeswax
72
Most common species that can be reared in India is _____.
Apis indica
73
_____ is a food of high nutritive and medicinal value.
Honey
74
______ is used in the preparation of cosmetics, polishes, etc.
Beeswax
75
Apiculture can be practiced in any area with sufficient ______ of some wild shrubs, fruit orchards, and cultivated crops.
Bee pastures
76
Topic - Important points for successful bee-keeping
- Group of bees called - Pollinators of _ - Advantage of keeping beehives in a crop.
77
Knowledge of the nature and habits of bees and selection of suitable locations for keeping beehives. T/F
True
78
Catching and hiving of a group of bees called ______ with handling and collection of honey and beeswax.
Swarms
79
Bees are the pollinators of crop species such as-
Sunflower, apple, Brassica & pear
80
Keeping beehives in crop fields during the flowering period increases ______ efficiency to improve both crop and honey yield.
Pollination efficiency
81
Topic - Fisheries
- Molluscs (_), Crustaceans (_) - Fresh/marine water fishes - Aquaculture & Pisciculture - __ Revolution
82
_____ is an industry of catching, processing or selling of fish or other aquatic animals like Molluscs (shellfish, edible oysters), Crustaceans (prawns, crabs, lobster), etc.
Fishery
83
1. Freshwater fishes - 2. Marine fishes -
1. Catla, Rohu, common carp, etc. 2. Hilsa, Sardines, Mackerel (Rich in omega-3 fatty acid), Pomfrets, etc.
84
Fisheries provide income and employment to millions of fishermen and farmers. T/F
True
85
______ and ______ are the techniques to increase the production of aquatic plants and animals.
Aquaculture (Full aquatic life); Pisciculture (Fish)
86
______ revolution is the development and flourishing of global aquaculture production (fishery industry).
Blue Revolution

IX.1. Strategies (3 decks)

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