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IX.1. Strategies > 1. Animal Husbandry > Flashcards

1. Animal Husbandry Flashcards

1
Q

Topic - Animal Husbandry

A
  • Agriculture practice of _
  • World’s livestock population
  • Its contribution
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2
Q

It is the scientific agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.
T/F

A

True

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3
Q

It deals with the care & breeding of livestock (buffaloes, cows, pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, camels, goats, etc.), poultry farming, and fisheries.
T/F

A

True

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4
Q

_____% of the world’s livestock population is in India & China.

A

More than 70%

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5
Q

The contribution to the world farm produce is only ___%, i.e., the productivity per unit is very low.

A

25%

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6
Q

Hence new technologies must be applied to improve quality and productivity.
T/F

A

True

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7
Q

Topic - Dairy Farm Management (Dairying)

A
  • Management of _
  • Milk yield depends on _
  • Selection of good breed
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8
Q

It is the management of animals to increase the yield and quality of milk and its products.
T/F

A

True

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9
Q

Milk yield depends on the quality of breeds in the farm.
T/F

A

True

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10
Q

It is important to select good breeds having high-yielding potential and resistance to diseases.
T/F

A

True

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11
Q

Topic - Ways for the yield potential

A
  • Look after cattle
  • Fodder
  • Cleanliness & hygiene
  • Regular inspections
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12
Q

Look after the cattle (housing well, giving adequate water, and maintaining a disease-free environment).
T/F

A

True

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13
Q

Feeding cattle in a scientific manner - emphasis on the quality and quantity of ______.

A

Fodder

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14
Q

Stringent cleanliness and hygiene (of cattle & handlers) while milking, storage, and transporting the milk.
T/F

A

True

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15
Q

Nowadays, these processes have been mechanized. It reduces the chance of direct contact of the produce with the handler.
T/F

A

True

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16
Q

To ensure these stringent measures, regular inspections or visits by a veterinary doctor to identify and rectify problems.
T/F

A

True

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17
Q

Topic - Poultry Farm Management

A
  • Class of _
  • Examples
  • Safe farm conditions
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18
Q

Poultry is the class of domesticated birds used for food or eggs.
Example.

A

E.g., chicken, ducks, turkey, and geese.

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19
Q

Selection of disease-free & suitable breeds with proper and safe farm conditions, i.e., Proper feed, water, hygiene, and healthcare
T/F

A

True

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20
Q

Topic - Animal Breeding

A
  • What is breed?
  • Revolution for milk
  • Improved breed of Cattle, Chicken
  • Types of Breeding
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21
Q

____- is a group of animals related by descent and similar general appearance, features, size, etc.

A

Breed

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22
Q

Animal breeding aims at increasing animal yield and improving the produce’s desirable qualities.
T/F

A

True

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23
Q

_____ revolution is for an increase in the production of milk.

A

White Revolution

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24
Q

Improved breed of-
I. Cattle -
II. Chicken -

A

I. Cattle - Jersey
II. Chicken - Leghorn

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25
Q

Breeding is of 2 types:

A
  1. Inbreeding
  2. Out-breeding (Out-cross, Cross-breeding, and Inter-specific hybridization)
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26
Q

Topic - Inbreeding

A
  • Definition
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27
Q

It is the mating of more closely related individuals within the same breed for 4-6 generations.
T/F

A

True

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28
Q

Topic - Inbreeding Strategy

A
  • Identify & Mating of _
  • Superior female produces _
  • Superior male is _
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29
Q

Identify and mate superior males and females of the same breed.
T/F

A

True

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30
Q

Evaluate the progeny obtained and identify superior males and females for further mating.
T/F

A

True

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31
Q

In cattle, a superior female produces more ___ per lactation and a superior male (bull) gives rise to superior progeny.

A

More milk per lactation

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32
Q

Topic - Advantages of Inbreeding

A
  • Increase _
  • Evolve _
  • Exposes _ genes
  • Continues inbreeding reduces _
  • Solution of Inbreeding depression
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33
Q

It increases ______ to evolve a ______ in any animal.

A

Homozygosity; Pure lines

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34
Q

It exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection.
T/F

A

True

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35
Q

It helps in the accumulation of superior genes and the elimination of less desirable genes. This increases the productivity of an inbred population.
T/F

A

True

36
Q

Continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding, may reduce fertility and productivity.
This is called ______.

A

Inbreeding depression

37
Q

Selection of superior males and females is crucial to avoid inbreeding depression.
T/F

A

True

38
Q

To solve the Inbreeding depression problem,
selected animals should be mated with ______ (related/unrelated) superior animals of the _____ (different/same) breed.

A

Unrelated superior animal;
Same breed (Not related for 4-6 generations)

39
Q

A single outcross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression.
T/F

A

True

40
Q

Topic - Out-breeding

A
  • Definition
  • Types
41
Q

It is the breeding of ______ (related/unrelated) animals.

A

unrelated animals

42
Q

Out-breeding is of 3 types:

A
  1. Out-crossing [same breed but no common ancestor for 4-6 generations]
  2. Cross-breeding [Different breed]
  3. Inter-specific Hybridization [Different related species]
43
Q

Topic - Out-crossing

A
  • Definition
  • Best method for _
  • Offspring is _
  • A single out-cross do _
44
Q

This is the mating of animals within _____ (different/same) breed but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree up to 4-6 generations.

A

Same breed

45
Q

It is the best method for animals with low milk productivity, the growth rate in beef cattle, etc.
T/F

A

True

46
Q

The offspring of such a mating is known as

A

Out-cross

47
Q

A single outcross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression.
T/F

A

True

48
Q

Topic - Cross-breeding

A
  • Definition
  • Desirable qualities are combined?
  • Examples
49
Q

In this method, superior males of one breed are mated with superior females of ____ (same/different) breed.

A

Different breed

50
Q

The desirable qualities of 2 different breeds are combined.
T/F

A

True

51
Q

The progeny hybrid animals may be used for commercial production or may be subjected to inbreeding and selection to develop new stable superior breeds.
T/F

A

True

52
Q

Example of Cross-breeding.
______ developed in ______ by crossing ____ and ____.

A

Hisardale (sheep) developed in Punjab by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams.

53
Q

Topic - Interspecific Hybridization

A
  • Definition
  • Examples.
54
Q

It is the mating of males and females of two _____ (same/different) related species.

A

two different related species

55
Q

In some cases, the progeny may combine desirable features of both parents and be of considerable economic value.
Example.

A

Mule (Sterile) is the offspring of a male donkey (jack or ass) and a female horse (mare)

56
Q

Topic - Controlled Breeding Experiment

A
  • Types
57
Q

Controlled Breeding Experiment is of two types:

A
  1. Artificial Insemination
  2. MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology)
58
Q

Topic - Artificial Insemination

A
  • Injected into _
  • Frozen Semen
  • Success rate
  • Solution
59
Q

______ collected from a male parent is injected into the reproductive tract of a selected female by the breeder.

A

Semen

60
Q

Semen is used immediately or is frozen and used later.
Frozen semen can also be transported.
T/F

A

True

61
Q

The success rate of artificial insemination is ____ (low/high) so the solution is ______.

A

Low; MOET

62
Q

Topic - MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Technology)

A
  • Used for __ improvement
  • Improve the chances of _
  • __ like activity to induce _ & _
  • Production of _ eggs per cycle
  • Fertilized eggs at _ cell stages
63
Q

It is a programme for _____ improvement and improves the chances of the successful production of hybrids.

A

Herd improvement

64
Q

In this, a cow is administered hormones with ____-like activity to induce ______ and ______.

A

FSH-like activity;
Follicular maturation;
Superovulation

65
Q

Superovulation is the production of ____ eggs per cycle instead of one egg.

A

6-8 eggs per cycle

66
Q

The animal is either mated with an elite bull or artificially inseminated.
T/F

A

True

67
Q

Fertilized eggs at _____ cell stages are recovered non-surgically and transferred to surrogate mothers.

The genetic mother is available for another round of superovulation.

A

8–32 cell stages

68
Q

MOET has been demonstrated for cattle, sheep, rabbits, buffaloes, mares, etc.
T/F

A

True

69
Q

High milk-yielding breeds of females and high-quality (lean meat with less _____) meat-yielding bulls have been bred successfully to increase _____ size in a short time.

A

lean meat with less lipid;
Herd size

70
Q

Topic - Bee-keeping (Apiculture)

A
  • Most common species
  • Products & its uses
  • Apiculture is practiced where _
71
Q

It is the maintenance of hives of honeybees for the production of ____ and ____.

A

Honey and Beeswax

72
Q

Most common species that can be reared in India is _____.

A

Apis indica

73
Q

_____ is a food of high nutritive and medicinal value.

A

Honey

74
Q

______ is used in the preparation of cosmetics, polishes, etc.

A

Beeswax

75
Q

Apiculture can be practiced in any area with sufficient ______ of some wild shrubs, fruit orchards, and cultivated crops.

A

Bee pastures

76
Q

Topic - Important points for successful bee-keeping

A
  • Group of bees called
  • Pollinators of _
  • Advantage of keeping beehives in a crop.
77
Q

Knowledge of the nature and habits of bees and selection of suitable locations for keeping beehives.
T/F

A

True

78
Q

Catching and hiving of a group of bees called ______ with handling and collection of honey and beeswax.

A

Swarms

79
Q

Bees are the pollinators of crop species such as-

A

Sunflower, apple, Brassica & pear

80
Q

Keeping beehives in crop fields during the flowering period increases ______ efficiency to improve both crop and honey yield.

A

Pollination efficiency

81
Q

Topic - Fisheries

A
  • Molluscs (), Crustaceans ()
  • Fresh/marine water fishes
  • Aquaculture & Pisciculture
  • __ Revolution
82
Q

_____ is an industry of catching, processing or
selling of fish or other aquatic animals like Molluscs (shellfish, edible oysters), Crustaceans (prawns, crabs, lobster), etc.

A

Fishery

83
Q
  1. Freshwater fishes -
  2. Marine fishes -
A
  1. Catla, Rohu, common carp, etc.
  2. Hilsa, Sardines, Mackerel (Rich in omega-3 fatty acid), Pomfrets, etc.
84
Q

Fisheries provide income and employment to millions of fishermen and farmers.
T/F

A

True

85
Q

______ and ______ are the techniques to increase the production of aquatic plants and animals.

A

Aquaculture (Full aquatic life);
Pisciculture (Fish)

86
Q

______ revolution is the development and flourishing of global aquaculture production (fishery industry).

A

Blue Revolution

IX.1. Strategies (3 decks)

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