1. Amines and Amides Flashcards
how is an Amine a derivative of Ammonia NH3
if 1 or more H on NH3 is replaced with an organic group you get an amine
when 1 alkyl group replace a H on NH3 it is called a
primary amine
when 2 alkyl group replace a H on NH3 it is called a
secondary amine
when 3 alkyl group replace a H on NH3 it is called a
tertiary amine
if Nitrogen atom is bonded to four alkyl groups you get a
quaternary ammonium ion (positively charged)
Aliphatic is a term for
compounds without any benzene ring structures
e. g’s of naming amines
1. CH5N
2. C2H7N
3. C3H9N
4. C4H12N
5. C6H5NH2
- methylamine
- dimethylamine
- trimethylamine
- tetramethylamine ion
- phenylamine
acids ____ protons
donate
bases ____ protons
accept
How are Amines bases?
lone pair of electrons on nitrogen accepts protons (H+ ions)
- What do amines make when they are neutralised by acids?
- ethylamine reacts with Hydrochloric acid to make
CH3CH2NH2 + HCl ->
1.ammonium salts
2. ethyl ammonium chloride
CH3CH2NH3+Cl-
How to make Aliphatic amines from haloalkanes
- conditions
- reagents
- heat
2. haloalkane + excess of ethanolic ammonia (ammonia dissolved in ethanol)
When making aliphatic amines from Haloalkanes what do you get a mixture of?
primary, secondary and tertiary amines and quatenary ammonium salts
Why do you get a mixture of products when making aliphatic amines from haloalkanes?
more than one hydrogen is likely to be substituted
when making aliphatic amines from haloalkanes you can separate the mixture of products using
fractional distillation
