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living environment > 1/9/23 > Flashcards

1/9/23 Flashcards

1
Q

Testes

A

male gonad, made up of a series of coiled tubes.

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2
Q

where is the site of spermiogenesis

A

the testes

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3
Q

how much sperm do men produce every month

A

12 billion

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4
Q

what is the pouch that the testes are held in

A

scrotum

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5
Q

Epididymis

A

store sperm

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6
Q

Vas Deferens

A

transport sperm from the
epididymis to the urethra

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7
Q

glands

A

provide nutrients for the sperm, and to neutralize the acidic
environment of the female reproductive system

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8
Q

Urethra

A

tube through which semen exits the body

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9
Q

Penis

A

where semen exits the body

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10
Q

Of the millions of sperm released per ejaculation, about ____ will survive the trip to
the egg

A

200

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11
Q

how long does it take for a sperm to die

A

48 to 72 hours

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12
Q

Ovaries

A

the site of oogenesis / female gonad

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13
Q

what hormones do the ovaries release

A

progesterone + estrogen

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14
Q

Oviduct

A

also known as the Fallopian tubes, transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus. It is also the site of fertilization

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15
Q

Uterus

A

site of embryo / fetus development

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16
Q

Cervix

A

located at the bottom of the uterus, it is the opening to the uterus

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17
Q

Vagina/Birth Canal

A

where semen is depostied / the baby exits the uterus through this structure

18
Q

how long does the menstraul cycle llast

A

28 days

19
Q

Follicle Stage

A

lasts abt 14 days, fsh is released thru the pituitary gland and starts the development of
the follicle and immature egg in the ovary

20
Q

As ____ levels
increase, the levels
of ____ decrease
(negative feedback)

A

As estrogen levels
increase, the levels
of FSH decrease
(negative feedback)

21
Q

Ovulation

A

It is at this stage that
the follicle ruptures
and releases a mature
egg (ovum).

22
Q

Corpus Luteum Stage

A

LH (leuteninzing hormone) is released by the pituitary
gland and converts the ruptured follicle into the corpus
luteum/ lasts abt 10 days

23
Q

Gestation Period

A

This is the time spent developing within the uterus

24
Q

first trimester (months 0 - 3)

A

The organs and organ systems are starting to
develop during this time period.

25
Q

Congenital disorders

A

disorders that occur
after the baby is formed.

26
Q

Placenta

A

Diffusion of materials between the mother
and embryo takes place here / Anchors the embryo/fetus to the uterus

27
Q

Umbilical Cord

A

attaches the fetus to the
placenta. Materials are transported to and from
the placenta through this structure

28
Q

Amnion and Amniotic Fluid

A

protects the
embryo from mechanical shock.

29
Q

Twinning

A

The process in which two embryos form and
develop

30
Q

Identical Twins

A

twins are formed from one egg and one sperm.

31
Q

Fraternal Twins

A

These twins result from two different eggs,
each of which is fertilized by a different
sperm

32
Q

Reproductive Technology

A

production of seedless plants

33
Q

Natural Vegetative Propagation

A

a method of
asexual reproduction that plants go through on their
own.

34
Q

Artificial Vegetative Propagation

A

Cuttings/grafting

35
Q

Cuttings

A

when Part of a root, stem, or leaf is removed from the parent plant, placed in a growth
medium, and develops into a new individual

36
Q

Grafting

A

when part of one plant, the scion, is attached to another plant, the stock. Each part,
the scion and stock, keep their original characteristics

37
Q

Production of hybrid organisms

A

a cross between two
different varieties of a species, trying to obtain the best
qualities of both into one organism

38
Q

Artificial Insemination

A

sperm is collected from the male
and injected into the female

39
Q

in vitro fertilization

A

collecting egg and sperm from
a species and mixing them together outside the parents body. The embryos formed are then implanted into the female

40
Q

Cross Breeding

A

taking to varieties of the
same species and mating them

41
Q

Amniocentesis

A

examining the amniotic fluid
and fetal cells to determine if there are any abnormalities

living environment (7 decks)

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