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PHM113 > 1-4 pre-midterm content > Flashcards

1-4 pre-midterm content Flashcards

1
Q

What are the colours of the print CPS and what do they represent?

A 
green = brand and generic
yellow = directory, manufacturers, poison control
pink = therapeutic guide, conditions and treatment
purple = clin info and tools
grey = product monographs
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2
Q

What is Martindale’s and how can you access it?

A

Access through Micromedex. It is expensive.
Used as a compendium for international medicines, so if you come across a drug from another country and you would like to know what it is and how it works, this would be your resources.

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3
Q

What is AHFS?

A

American Hospital Formulary Service.

  • drug compendium, lists American drugs that are available - basically used to organize drug formularies in institutional and governmental settings.
  • ODB uses ahfs classification system for drugs
  • monographs are in Lexicomp (American)
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4
Q

What is Rx Files?

A
  • canadian program that provides comparative drug information to health professionals in the form of drug comparison charts etc.
  • began in SK in 2001
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5
Q

What can you see in Micromedex database?

A
  • evidence based information including unbiased, reference information about drugs, toxicology, diseases, acute care ettc
  • expensive
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6
Q

What is Lexicomp and what is it used for?

A
  • American collection of databases and decision support tools
  • can you to find interactions, drug identification, formula calculations, etc
  • supports AHFS drug monographs (bc it is American)
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7
Q

What is the DPD and what can you find in it?

A

Drug product database, contains all the drugs authorized for sale by health Canada, update nightly and you can find:

  • availability of the drug in Canada
  • product monograph for human drugs
  • labels for animal drugs
  • shows cancelled poset market products, as well as products that do not have monographs in the CPS
  • open to members of the public
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8
Q

What is NAPRA?

A

National association of pharmacy regulatory authorities.
NAPRA is a platform for the provincial regulatory bodies to discuss issues. NAPRA’s role in drug scheduling occurs after authorization of product by health Canada.
- drug schedules re harmonized across the country

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9
Q

What are resources that pharmacies legally would need to keep in Ontario?

A
  1. a canadian drug reference
  2. a drug interaction publication
  3. drug therapy publication
  4. patient counselling guide

drug, interaction, therapy, counselling

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10
Q

List the people eligible for ODB.

A
  • 65+
  • OHIP+ (24 and under w no private plan)
  • disability
  • ontario works (16+, must require aid with basic needs)
  • homes for special or long term care
  • home and community care services
  • trillium (people with high drug costs in relation to their incomes)

must be residents of ontario though.

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11
Q

What is the difference bw LU codes, EAP, and special drugs program?

A

LU codes are provided for specific indications, they are required for certain drugs to be covered under the formulary.

EAP is exceptional access program, allows ODB patients to access drugs that are not funded by ODB formulary when no listen alternative is available.

  • there is a list of drugs that can be accessed through EAP
  • criteria must be met and the request must be approved before the patient can start the treatment.
  • can be submitted through SADIE, can also see approval of drugs and stuff through SADIE.

Special drugs program covers the full cost of certain outpatient drugs that are used in the treatment of conditions (usually conditions that require extensive monitoring - HIV, transplant, schizophrenia). PT DOES NOT NEED TO BE COVERED THROUGH ODB FOR SPECIAL DRUGS, THEY JUST NEED TO APPLY AND BE APPROVED

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12
Q

Which parts of the ODB formulary are available on the e-formulary?

A

Part III (general benefits/limited use), Part IX (nutrition products/diabetic testing agents).

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13
Q

What do pharmacists use evidence based medicine (EBM) for?

A
  1. determine best therapy for a patient

2. respond to questions

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14
Q

What is the difference bw primary, secondary, and tertiary sources?

A

primary = original research, has methods section, govt reports etc.

secondary = review papers, analysis or commentary on evidence etc

tertiary = synthesizes sources but does not provide new information i.e. textbooks, Lexicomp, CPS etc

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15
Q

In pediatrics, what are the Red Book and the BNF used for?

A

Red book = specific to infectious diseases
bnf = British national formulary, basically the UK version of the sick kids children formulary - information must be taken with a grain of salt

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16
Q

What is the teddy bear book?

A

pediatric injectable drugs, IV drug administration guidelines. IV guidelines also found on the sick kids formulary

17
Q

Informatics is the intersection of:

A

people, systems, data

18
Q

What are the AFPC educational outcomes competencies?

A
  • care provider
  • communicator
  • collaborator and communicator
  • leader-manager
19
Q

What are the AFPC Pharmacy informatics competencies?

A
  1. information and knowledge management
  2. professional and regulatory accountability
  3. information and communication technologies
20
Q

What are some of the challenges in pharmacy informatics?

A
  • differences across provinces and institutions in EHR implementation
  • different scopes of practices for pharmacists across provinces
  • curriculums are already crowded so it is hard to add to them
  • finding faculty with expertise in informatics is difficult
21
Q

What are the 5 steps in the medication use process?

A
  1. prescribing
    - establishing the need for a drug, selecting the appropriate drug, determining interactions, prescribing drug
  2. transcribing
    - transcribing the prescription, transmitting it to the pharmacy
  3. dispensing
    - review the prescription, contact prescriber for any problems, prepare the drug, distribute drug
  4. administration
    - review warnings, interactions, allergies, evaluation of pt, administration of med
  5. monitoring
    - asses their response to the drug, report or document any results
22
Q

What informatics systems can you use in the medication use cycle?

A 
prescribing - CPOE, e-prescribing, CDS, EHR
transcribing - CPOE, CDS (alerts)
dispensing - BCMA (bar code), CDS
administering.- BCMA
monitoring - wearables
23
Q

What are some of the roles for informatics pharmacists?

A
  • looking at how drugs are used in the hospital
  • looking at drug use evaluation data to determine optimal medication use.
  • enchaining the software to make it optimal
  • enhancing interoperability
  • working on the development of mobile apps
  • decreasing the barriers of e-prescribing.

PHM113 (4 decks)

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