1-4 Clonal Selection of Antigen-Specific Lymphocytes Flashcards

1
Q

B cell antigen receptor

A

The complex of membrane immunoglobulin that recognizes antigen and a heterodimer of Igα and Igβ that signals antigen recognition in B lymphocytes.

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2
Q

Clonal Deletion

A

Elimination of potentially self-reactive lymphocytes. Immature lymphocytes undergo programmed cell death after binding to antigen; in this way, cells bearing receptors that recognize self are deleted before they are capable of participating in immune responses. This is a major mechanism of immune tolerance.

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3
Q

Clonal Expansion

A

The selective proliferation of mature naive lymphocytes that encounter antigen. Only those lymphocytes berating receptors specifically recognizing antigen are activated to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells.

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4
Q

Clonal Selection

A

The process whereby potentially self-reactive lymphocytes are eliminated during ontogeny whereas mature lymphocytes recognizing non-self antigens are selectively expanded.

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5
Q

Constant region (C region)

A

Region of a lymphocyte receptor for antigen that does not participate in antigen binding and does not vary between cells of different antigen specificities.

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6
Q

Heavy Chain

A

The immunoglobulin heavy chains are the larger of the two kinds of polypeptide chains in the immunoglobulin molecule. Each light chain has a variable region contributing to the antigen-binding site, and a constant region that mediates the effector function of the molecule.

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7
Q

Immune Tolerance

A

Non-responsiveness of the adaptive immune system to antigen.

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8
Q

Immunoglobulin superfamily

A

Family of proteins containing at least one immunoglobulin-like domain and for which the Ig-like domains is a major structural element.

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9
Q

Light Chain

A

The immunoglobulin light chains are the smaller of the two kinds of chains in the immunoglobulin molecule. Each has a variable region contributing to the antigen-binding site, and a constant region containing a cysteine by which it makes a disulfide bond with the constant region of the heavy chain.

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10
Q

T cell receptor (TCR)

A

The complex of variable chains wherby T cells recognize antigen and signaling chains whereby antigen recognition is signaled to the cell interior.

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11
Q

Variable Region (V region)

A

Region of a lymphocyte receptor for antigen that participates in antigen binding and varies between cells of different antigen specificities.

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