1-1 Cells of the Immune System: Differentiation in the Bone Marrow

Question 1

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)

Answer 1

Self-renewing cell that gives rise to all the red and white blood cells.

Question 2

Erythrocytes

Answer 2

Red blood cells containing the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin.

Question 3

Platelets

Answer 3

Cell fragments that are shed from megakaryocytes in the erythroid lineage and induce blood clotting.

Question 4

Progenitor Cell

Answer 4

Committed cell giving rise to a lineage of related but distinct cells.

Question 5

Myeloid Lineage

Answer 5

Hematopoietic cell lineage containing the phagocytic and inflammatory cells of the immune system. Includes dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells.

Question 6

Lymphoid Lineage

Answer 6

Hematopoietic cell lineage containing the lymphocytes of the immune system. Includes natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells.

Question 7

Hematopoietins

Answer 7

Cytokines that promote proliferation and/ or lineage-specific differentiation of hematopoietic cells.

Question 8

Proinflammatory cytokines

Answer 8

Cytokines that function mainly in the activation of innate responses to infection.

Question 9

Interleukins (IL)

Answer 9

Molecules mediating signaling between immune cells.

Question 10

Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)

Answer 10

Growth factor or cytokine that induces the differentiation from multipotent precursor of one or a few specific cell types.

Question 11

Erythroid Lineage

Answer 11

Hematopoietic cell lineage containing the megakaryocytes and erythrocytes.