1 Flashcards
Where do lymphocytes mostly circulate
Blood not lymphatics
Define immunity
Resistance to biological invasion/ tissue alterations
Familiar and non familiar
Function/ dysfunctional
Innate immunity is based on Recognition of what
Pattern recognition
Adaptive immunity is based on Recognition of what
Epitope
Chose Innate or adaptive for A) natural B)multi-step C)non-clonal D)somatic E)memory F) germ-line encoded
A) innate B) adaptive C) innate D) adaptive E) adaptive F) innate
What tissue do all species have
General heamatopoietic
Where does the spleen develop
Within the dorsal gastric mesentary
What does he speak become invaded with in development
Mesenchymal cells ( not endodermal)
What is the preliminary stage of sleek development
14th gw numerous blood cells growing amount a reticular network =haemtopoiesis
What is the transformational stage of the spleen
15-17gw
Splenic lobules and red pulp forms
What do the stage of lymphoid colonisation
18th gw development of white pulp
How do lymph vessel develop
From three sets of primitive lymph sacs that arise from developing veins
Where is lymph not present
Avascular structures- epidermis, cartilage, cornea) or in cns including retina
What do the specific hematopoietic cell types and distinct stork all components provide
Define location of these tissue
Provide necessary signals for attraction, specification, differentiation and maturation of immune effect cells
What is a follicle and what are its subtypes
Clusters of lymphatic cells in a framework of reticular fibres
Solitary or organised
What are the different lymphoid compartments
Lymph nodes Spleen Thymus Bone marrow Tonsils Diffuse lymphoid tissue
What are the different types of diffuse lymphoid tissue
MALT mucosa NALT nasopharynx BALT bronchus GALT gut CALT colonic cavity FALC fat associated lymphoid clusters ( adrenal, mesenteric, gonadal adipose)
What are the different categories of lymphoid organs
Primary/ central lymphoid organs - generate naive lymphocytes Bone marrow ( leukopoiesis) Thymus ( T cell selection)
Peripheral secondary- convert naive lymphocytes
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Diffuse tissues
Tertiary/ectopic- chronic inflammatory sites ( environmentally induced)!
Where does the induction of immunity and tolerance take place
Organised tissues eg BALT/GALT / NALT
What inductive site do bronchi have
BALT
Where is the effect sit for peyers patches
Small bowel
What is the difference in humoral and cellular immunity
Humoral- antibodies. B cells
Defends against viruses and bacteria
No response to transplant or chance
Cell mediated- T cells ( 4 types) defence against all pathogens and transplants and cancer
What is the endogenous pathway of antigen presentation
Proteins degraded in the cytosol by the proteasome and cut by the ER-resident amino peptides ERAP1 into peptides 8-10 aa long Presented by MHC class 1 and recognised by CD8
Explain the exogenous antigen presentation pathway
Exogenous antigens derived from proteins degraded in endosomes but hydrolytic enzymes such as cathepsins into peptides 15-24 aa long Presented my MHC class 2 and recognised by CD4
