1&2) Key Concepts in Chemistry B

Question 1

how is covalent bond formed?

Answer 1

• non metal atoms
• sharing pairs of electrons
• make more stable

Question 2

what does covalent bonding lead to?

Answer 2

-formation of molecules

Question 3

what kind of bond does hydrogen have?

Answer 3

-singe covalent bond

Question 4

what kind of bond does hydrogen chloride have? (HCL)

Answer 4

single covalent bond

Question 5

what kind of bond does oxygen have? (O˘2)

Answer 5

double covalent bond

Question 6

what kind of bond does carbon dioxide have? (CO˘2)

Answer 6

2 double covalent bonds

Question 7

where are ionic compounds found?

Answer 7

-metal and non metal atoms

Question 8

what is the bonding of ionic compounds?

Answer 8

• loss/gain of electrons

- produce ions that attract each other

Question 9

what is the structure of an ionic compound?

Answer 9

• billions of ions

- lattice structure

Question 10

what are the properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 10

• high melting/boiling points
• many soluble in water
• conduct electricity when liquid or in a solution

Question 11

where are simple molecular(covalent) bonds found?

Answer 11

-most non metal elements and compounds

Question 12

what is the bonding of a simple molecular (covalent) compound?

Answer 12

• covalent bonds

- when atoms share pairs of electrons

Question 13

what is the structure of a simple molecular (covalent) compound?

Answer 13

• small

- distinct groups of atoms

Question 14

what are the properties of a simple molecular (covalent) compound?

Answer 14

• low melting/boiling points
• insoluble in water
• conduct electricity in solid or liquid

Question 15

where are giant covalent bonds found?

Answer 15

• few non metal elements

- some compounds of non metals

Question 16

where are metallic bonds found?

Answer 16

-all metals

Question 17

what are graphite and diamonds?

Answer 17

• different forms of carbons

- examples of giant covalent substances

Question 18

what is the structure of graphite?

Answer 18

• layered structure
• dislocated electrons that are free
• weak forces between layers

Question 19

what is the structure of a diamond?

Answer 19

• tetrahedral arrangment

- strong covalent bonds

Question 20

what is graphite used for?

Answer 20

-used as electrodes in electrolysis

Question 21

what are diamonds used for?

Answer 21

• as a tool to cut things

- electrical insulator

Question 22

why do graphite and diamonds have different uses?

Answer 22

• graphite is cheap and not very reactive

- diamonds have no free charged particles

Question 23

what is fullerene?

Answer 23

• carbon forms simple molecules called fullerene
• allotrope of carbon
• often tubular molecules or spherical

Question 24

what are the properties of fullerenes?

Answer 24

-weak intermolecular forces
-low melting points
-soft and slippery
very strong molecules