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A Little History Of Philosophy > 1~100 > Flashcards

1~100 Flashcards

1
Q

snub-nosed

A

Someone who is snub-nosed has a nose that is short and turns up at the end. (Eg> Snub-nosed, podgy, shabby and a bit strange, socrates did not fit in.)

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2
Q

Podgy [ˈpɑː.dʒi]

A

(of a person or part of their body) somewhat fat; chubby. (Eg> Snub-nosed, podgy, shabby and a bit strange, socrates did not fit in.)

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3
Q

Shabby [ˈʃæb.i]

A

looking old and in bad condition because of being used for a long time or not being cared for (Eg> Snub-nosed, podgy, shabby and a bit strange, socrates did not fit in.)

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4
Q

Nasty [ˈnastē]

A

highly unpleasant, especially to the senses (Eg> He saw himself as one of those horseflies that have a nasty bite - a gladfly)

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5
Q

Gadfly [ˈɡæd.flaɪ]

A

a fly that bites livestock, especially a horsefly, warble fly, or botfly; someone who is always annoying or criticizing other people (Eg> He saw himself as one of those horseflies that have a nasty bite - a gladfly)

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6
Q

Shuffle [ˈʃʌf.əl]

A

walk by dragging one’s feet along or without lifting them fully from the ground (Eg> In middle age he shuffled around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions.)

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7
Q

Cattle [ˈkæt̬.əl]

A

a group of animals that includes cows, buffalo, and bison, that are often kept for their milk or meat (Eg> An unexamined existence is all right for cattle, but not for human beings.)

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8
Q

Infuriating [ɪnˈfjʊr.i.eɪ.t̬ɪŋ]

A

extremely annoying (Eg> Reading these dialogues, we get a sense of what socrates was like, how clever he was and how infuriating.)

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9
Q

Flicker [ˈflikər]

A

make small, quick movements; flutter rapidly (Eg> In front of them they can see flickering shadows that they believe are real things)

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10
Q

Blurry [ˈblərē]

A

not clearly or distinctly visible or audible (Eg> His eyes are blurry at first, but then starts to see where he is.)

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11
Q

Stumble [ˈstʌm.bəl]

A

to step awkwardly while walking or running and fall or begin to fall (Eg> He stumbles out of the cave and eventually is able to look at the sun.)

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12
Q

Circumference [sɚˈkʌm.fɚ.əns]

A

the line surrounding a circular space, or the length of this line (Eg> In a perfect circle every point on its circumference is exactly the same distance from the center point.)

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13
Q

Astray [əˈstreɪ]

A

away from the correct path or direction (Eg> ordinary people get led astray by the world as they grasp it through their senses.)

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14
Q

Grasp [ɡræsp]

A

seize and hold firmly (Eg> ordinary people get led astray by the world as they grasp it through their senses.)

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15
Q

Elaborate [iˈlæb.ɚ.ət]

A

containing a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts (Eg> ~, and there was an elaborate lottery system to make sure that everyone had a fair chance of influencing political decisions.)

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16
Q

Execute [ˈek.sə.kjuːt]

A

to kill someone as a legal punishment (Eg> If he’d wanted to, he could probably have talked his way out of being executed.)

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17
Q

Go down well

A

to get a particular reaction from someone (Eg> That didn’t go down well)

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18
Q

Parrot [ˈper.ət]

A

to repeat exactly what someone else says, without understanding it or thinking about its meaning (Eg> They didn’t simply parrot what they had been taught.)

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19
Q

Pale [peɪl]

A

light in color or having little color (Eg> Socrates and plato thought of the world we see as a pale reaction of true reality that could only be reached by abstract bt the details of everything around him.)

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20
Q

Mull sth over [mʌl]

A

to think carefully about something for a long time (Eg> One question that Aristotle mulled over was ‘How should we live?’)

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21
Q

Exotic [ig-ˈzä-tik]

A

introduced from another country ;not native to the place where found (Eg> Perhaps happiness for you would involve exotic holidays, going to music~~)

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22
Q

Curl up with sth

A

To make oneself cozy and comfortable with something, often a book. (Eg> It might also mean curling up with your favorite book, or going to an art gallery.

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23
Q

Fleeting [ˈfliː.t̬ɪŋ]

A

short or quick (Eg> Eudaimonia isn’t about fleeting moments of bliss or how you feel.)

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24
Q

Bliss [blɪs]

A

perfect happiness (Eg> Eudaimonia isn’t about fleeting moments of bliss or how you feel.)

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25
Vice [vaɪs]
immoral or wicked behavior (Eg> Good patterns of behavior are virtues; bad ones are vices.)
26
Wartime [ˈwɔːr.taɪm]
a period of time during which a war is being fought (Eg> Think of the virtue of bravery in wartime.)
27
Foolhardy [ˈfuːlˌhɑːr.di]
brave in a silly way, taking unnecessary risks (Eg> A foolhardy person has no concern whatsoever for his own safety)
28
Whatsoever
used after a negative phrase to add emphasis to the idea that is being expressed (Eg> A foolhardy person has no concern whatsoever for his own safety)
29
Reckless [ˈrek.ləs]
doing something dangerous and not worrying about the risks and the possible results
30
Doctrine [ˈdäktrən]
a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, political party, or other group (Eg> This is sometimes known as Aristotle's doctrine of the Golden Mean.)
31
Medieval [med.iˈiː.vəl]
related to the Middle Ages (Eg> ~~, throughout the medieval period just about everyone believed that it must be true.)
32
Commit [kəˈmɪt]
to promise to do something or to promise that something will happen (Eg> The best option, then, is to keep an open mind. Don’t commit)
33
Sceptic (US skeptic)[ˈskep.tɪk]
a person who doubts the truth or value of an idea or belief (Eg> Unlike Plato and Aristotle, the most extreme sceptics avoided holding firm opinions in anything whatsoever.)
34
Live out sth
to spend your life or the last period of your life in a particular way (Eg> As far as we can tell, though, pyrrho lived out his scepticism in some quite extraordinary ways.)
35
Cliff edge
a situation where a sudden change leads to many immediate and very large problems (Eg> whereas most people would take the sight of a cliff edge with a sheer drop as strong evidence~~)
36
Guru [ˈɡʊr.uː]
a religious leader or teacher in the Hindu or Sikh religion (Eg> India has a great tradition of spiritual teachers or gurus putting themselves~)
37
Mystic
someone who attempts to be united with God through prayer (Eg> Pyrrho’s approach to philosophy was certainly close to that of a mystic.)
38
Preach [priːtʃ]
to give a religious speech (Eg> ~, he certainly practiced what he preached.)
39
Worked up
upset or very excited about something (Eg> The reason he didn’t get worked up about anything was that~)
40
Fret [fret]
to be nervous or worried (Eg> If there’s no chance of discovering the truth, then there’s no need to fret.)
41
Delusion [dɪˈluː.ʒən]
belief in something that is not true (Eg> We can then distance ourselves from all firm beliefs , because firm beliefs always involve deusion.)
42
At odds with
in disagreement (Eg> This view is completely at odds with Plato’s Theory of Forms and~)
43
Tranquillity [træŋˈkwɪl.ə.t̬i]
a peaceful, calm state, without noise, violence, worry, etc (Eg> That way nothing will affect your state of mind, which will be one of inner tranquillity.)
44
topple (over) [ˈtɑː.pəl]
to (cause to) lose balance and fall down (Eg> ~ the whole school of philosophy would very quickly die out as they toppled over cliff edges,~)
45
Savage [sæv.ɪdʒ]
If an animal savages someone, it attacks them violently and causes serious injuries (Eg> ~or were savaged by vicious dogs.)
46
Snap (at) [snæp]
if an animal such as a dog snaps you or snaps at you, it bites you or tries to bite you (Eg> Even Pyrrho is supposed to have moved away when a dog snapped at him.)
47
Perverse [pɚˈvɝːs]
strange and not what most people would expect or enjoy (Eg> So to try and live out Pyrrhonic Sceticism seems perverse.)
48
Ferocious [fəˈroʊ.ʃəs]
frightening and violent (Eg> You might not be 100 percent sure that a ferocious dog will bite you,~)
49
Dogmatism [ˈdɑːɡ.mə.tɪ.zəm]
stating your opinions in a strong way and not accepting anyone else's opinions (Eg> It is the opposite of dogmatism.)
50
Mourner [ˈmɔːr.nɚ]
a person at a funeral (Eg> It’s as if you are still there watching events from a particular place, perhaps from above, or from a seat among the mourners.)
51
Morbid [ˈmɔːr.bɪd]
too interested in unpleasant subjects, especially death (Eg> Some people believe that it is morbid to dwell on your own death,~)
52
Dwell on
to keep thinking or talking about something, especially something bad or unpleasant (Eg> Some people believe that it is morbid to dwell on your own death,~)
53
Commune [ˈkɑː.mjuːn]
a group of families or single people who live and work together sharing possessions and responsibilities (Eg> ~, attracting a group of students who lived with him in a commune.)
54
Indulge [ɪnˈdʌldʒ]
to allow yourself or another person to have something enjoyable, especially more than is good for you (Eg> An ‘epicure’ is ~ someone who indulges in luxury and sensual pleasure.)
55
Malicious [mə-ˈli-shəs]
having or showing a desire to cause harm to someone (Eg> It’s more likely, though, that this was just a malicious rumor.)
56
Prolific [prəˈlɪf.ɪk]
producing a great number or amount of something (Eg> He was prolific.)
57
Millennia (millennium의 복수[mɪˈlen.i.əm])
a period of 1,000 years, or the time when a period of 1,000 years ends (Eg> We don’t usually worry about not existing for all those millennia before our birth.)
58
Asymmetrical [ˌeɪ·sɪˈme·trɪ·kəl]
having parts on either side or half that do not match or are not the same size or shape (Eg> Our thought is asymmetrical.)
59
Epitaph [ˈep.ə.tæf]
a short piece of writing or a poem about a dead person, especially one written on their gravestone (Eg> Epicurus summed up his whole philosophy in his epitaph.)
60
Fret [fret]
to be nervous or worried (Eg> That’s true even if it is unreasonable to fret about death itself.)
61
Porch [pɔːrtʃ]
a raised, covered, sometimes partly closed area, often made of wood, on the front or side of a building (Eg> The name ‘Stoic’ came from the stoa, which was a painted porch in Athens where these philosophers used to meet.)
62
Cloud
to make someone confused, or make something more difficult to understand (Eg> They believed emotions clouded reasoning and damaged judgment.)
63
Wherever possible [werˈev.ɚ]
in any situation where something is possible or necessary (Eg> We should not just control them, but wherever possible remove them altogether.)
64
Limp [limp]
walk with difficulty, typically because of a damaged or stiff leg or foot (Eg> ~he walked with a limp as a result of a bad beating.)
65
Draw on/upon
to use information, experience, knowledge etc for a particular purpose (Eg> When he declared that the mind can remain free even when the body is enslaved he was drawing on his own experience.)
66
Resolve [rɪˈzɑːlv]
to make a decision formally or with determination (Eg> ~he resolved to stay unmoved by what others did to him, no matter what how harsh his treatment.)
67
Brevity [ˈbre-və-tē]
shortness of duration (Eg> The brevity of life and the inevitably of ageing were topics that particularly interested them.)
68
Get by (on/with)
to have just enough of something such as money or knowledge so that you can do what you need to do (Eg> old people can often get by doing more effective.)
69
Pessimistic [pes.əˈmɪs.tɪk]
thinking that bad things are more likely to happen or emphasizing the bad part of a situation (Eg> ~the attitude wa take to that process need not be pessimistic.)
70
Playwright [pleɪ.raɪt]
a person who writes plays (Eg> ~he found time to be a playwright, a politician~)
71
Fritter away [ˈfrɪt̬.ɚ]
to waste money, time, or an opportunity (Eg> if we don’t fritter it away on useless tasks.)
72
Set sail
to begin a trip on a ship or boat (Eg> someone who sets sail in a ship and is carried this way and that by stormy winds hasn’t been on a voyage.)
73
Toss [ˈtäs]
to fling or heave continuously about, to and fro, or up and down (Eg> He’s just been tossed about a lot.)
74
Contemplate [ˈkän(t)əmˌplāt]
look thoughtfully for a long time at (Eg> ~as it will probably be too painful to contemplate all the opportunities with trivial work,~)
75
Recluse [rɪˈkluːs / re-ˌklüs]
a person who lives alone and avoids going outside or talking to other people
76
Exile [ˈek.saɪl]
the state of being barred from one's native country, typically for political or punitive reasons (Eg> ~the result was that he was sent into exile in Corsica for the next eight years.)
77
Champion [tʃæm.pi.ən]
to support, defend, or fight for a person, belief, right, or principle enthusiastically (Eg>The state of indifference championed by Stoics may reduce unhappiness in the face if events we can’t control.)
78
agonize (for/over..) [ˈaɡəˌnīz]
undergo great mental anguish through worrying about something (Eg> One problem he agonized over was why God allowed evil in the world.)
79
Mistress [ˈmistris]
a woman who has power, authority, or ownership (Eg> After a wild youth and early adulthood during which he had a child by a mistress,~~)
80
Worldly [ˈwɝːld.li]
relating to or consisting of physical things and ordinary life rather than spiritual things (Eg> ~because he was enjoying worldly pleasures too much.
81
Poised (over) [pɔɪzd]
ready to do a particular thing at any moment (Eg> He is poised over him with a sharp knife.)
82
Alteration [ˌɑːl.t̬əˈreɪ.ʃən]
a change, usually a slight change, in the appearance, character, or structure of something (Eg> It would just take a few minor alterations to the neurons in the would-be murder’s brain.)
83
Immensely [ɪˈmens.li]
to a great extent; extremely (Eg> Both were immensely strong, but neither was powerful enough to defeat other.)
84
Triumph [ˈtraɪ.əmf]
to have a very great success or victory (Eg> Goodness would return and triumph over evil again.)
85
Lust [ləst]
very strong sexual desire (Eg> We give in to our physical lusts and led away from God and what God commands.)
86
Wrestle [ˈres.əl]
to fight with someone (especially as a sport) by holding them and trying to throw them to the ground (Eg> ~but he wrestled with a different issue about free will:~)
87
Consolation [ˌkɑːn.səˈleɪ.ʃən]
something that makes someone who is sad or disappointed feel better ( Eg> the consolation of philosophy)
88
Execution [ˌek.səˈkjuː.ʃən]
the legal punishment of killing someone (Eg> If you were in prison awaiting execution would you spend your last days writing a philosophy book?)
89
Devoutly [dɪˈvaʊt.li]
used to emphasize how sincerely or deeply you hope for something or believe in something (Eg> As a christian, his writing appealed to the devoutly religious philosophers who read his books in the Middle Ages.)
90
Consul [kɒnsəl]
an official who is sent by his or her government to live in a foreign city in order to look after all the people there that belong to his or her own country. (Eg> He made Boethius’s sons consuls too as a special honour,~)
91
Plot [plɑːt]
to make a secret plan to do something wrong, harmful, or illegal (Eg> Accused of plotting against Theodoric, ~)
92
Strangulation [stræŋ.ɡjəˈleɪ.ʃən]
the action of killing someone by pressing their throat so that they cannot breathe, or the act of dying in this way (Eg> ~, tortured and then executed by a combination of strangulation and being beaten to death.)
93
Embroider [əmˈbroidər]
decorate (cloth) by sewing patterns on it with thread (Eg> She is wearing a torn dress embroidered with a ladder that rises from the Greek letter pi at the hem up to the letter theta.)
94
Ladder (US) run) [ˈlæd.ɚ]
a long, vertical hole in a pair of tights or a stocking (Eg> She is wearing a torn dress embroidered with a ladder that rises from the Greek letter pi at the hem up to the letter theta.)
95
Hem [hem]
the edge of a piece of cloth or clothing which has been turned under and sewn (Eg> She is wearing a torn dress embroidered with a ladder that rises from the Greek letter pi at the hem up to the letter theta.)
96
Prose [prōz]
written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure (Eg> It is written partly in prose, and partly in poetry.)
97
Fickle [ˈfɪk.əl]
likely to change your opinion or your feelings suddenly and without a good reason (Eg> That’s just the nature of luck. It is fickle.)

A Little History Of Philosophy (3 decks)

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