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Year 12 Psychology 2025 > 09. Sleep > Flashcards

09. Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha waves

A

medium sized brain waves with medium-high frequency and low-medium amplitude, indicating an alert but relaxed state p. 276

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2
Q

Altered states of consciousness (ASC)

A

a state of consciousness that is characterised by different levels of awareness as compared to normal waking consciousness p. 254

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3
Q

Amplified emotional response

A

disproportionate emotional reactions in response to an event or stimuli p. 319

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4
Q

Amplitude

A

a measurement indicating the intensity of an electric current in the brain, visually represented as the height of the wave peaks p. 275

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5
Q

Automatic processes

A

(also known as automatic tasks) tasks that require low levels of mental processing p. 259

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6
Q

Beta waves

A

fast, small brain waves with high frequency and low amplitude, indicating high levels of alertness p. 276

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7
Q

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

A

a measure of how much alcohol is in a person?s blood p. 325

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8
Q

Brain wave

A

a pattern of electrical current in the brain caused by neurons communicating, visually represented as a wave p. 274

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9
Q

Bright light therapy

A

a method used to adjust a person?s circadian rhythm through exposure to a high-intensity light source p. 345

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10
Q

Circadian phase disorder

A

a sleep disorder which interferes with the normal regulation of the circadian rhythm of sleep, leading to a change in the sleep-wake cycle p. 331

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11
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

changes to physiological function or activity that occur as part of a cycle that lasts around 24 hours p. 292

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12
Q

Cognition

A

the mental processes an individual performs in order to understand and process information p. 320, 326

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13
Q

Cognitive tasks

A

a form of assessment that measures some aspect of a person’s thought processes p. 269

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14
Q

Concentration

A

the ability to focus on certain stimuli or tasks p. 326

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15
Q

Consciousness

A

the awareness of internal and external stimuli p. 253

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16
Q

Consciousness continuum

A

a progression of states of consciousness ranging from least aware to most aware

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17
Q

Controlled processes

A

(also known as controlled tasks) tasks that require high levels of mental processing p. 259

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18
Q

Delta waves

A

slow and large brain waves with low frequency and high amplitude, indicating very low levels of alertness p. 276

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19
Q

Depressants

A

a class of drugs that reduce central nervous system and body activity, reducing levels of alertness compared to NWC p. 277

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20
Q

Electro-oculograph (EOG)

A

a device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the muscles surrounding the eyes p. 268

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21
Q

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

A

a device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the brain p. 267

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22
Q

Electromyograph (EMG)

A

a device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the body?s muscles

23
Q

Emotional awareness

A

the understanding and control people have over their feelings, as well as the ability to accurately perceive the emotions of others p. 261

24
Q

Frequency

A

a measurement indicating how many brain waves there are per second, visually represented as how close the waves appear together p. 275

25
Induced altered states of consciousness
a type of altered state of consciousness that occurs due to a purposeful action or aid p. 254
26
Levels of awareness
(also known as awareness) the degree to which an individual is conscious of stimuli p. 258
27
Mood
the emotional state a person is in at a given time p. 326
28
Naturally occurring altered states of consciousness
a type of altered state of consciousness that occurs without intervention p. 254
29
Normal waking consciousness (NWC)
the state of being awake and aware of internal and external stimuli p. 253
30
NREM (Non rapid eye movement) sleep
a type of sleep that is subdivided into three different stages, where the sleeper does not experience any rapid eye movement p. 294
31
Partial sleep deprivation
when an individual sleeps for some duration within a 24 hour period, but the sleep duration is too short, or the quality of sleep is poor p. 319
32
Perceptual and cognitive distortions
atypical (abnormal) variation in the way an individual interprets and processes stimuli p. 260
33
Psychological construct
an agreed upon description and understanding of psychological phenomena which cannot be overtly measured or observed p. 252
34
REM (Rapid eye movement) sleep
a type of sleep where the sleeper experiences rapid eye movement beneath closed eyelids p. 293
35
Self-control
A person?s ability to restrain or hold composure over their thoughts, feelings and actions p. 261
36
Shift work
an occupation which involves working at unusual hours, such as working overnight p. 332
37
Sleep
a regular and naturally-occurring altered state of consciousness that involves disengagement with internal and external stimuli p. 292
38
Sleep cycle
a proportion of a sleep episode in which the sleeper progresses through stages of REM and NREM sleep, lasting on average 90 minutes for humans p. 293
39
Sleep deprivation
inadequate duration or poor quality of sleep p. 318
40
Sleep diaries
a record from an individual containing qualitative descriptions of the amount and nature of their sleep over a certain period of time p. 269
41
Sleep disorder
a consistent presence of a particular sleep disturbance which has profound impacts on an individual?s sleep, leading to persistent effects on day to day functioning p. 337
42
Sleep episode
the full duration of time spent asleep p. 293
43
Sleep-wake cycle
a daily cycle that is made up of time spent sleeping and time being awake and alert p. 292
44
Sleep-wake cycle shift in adolescence
a type of circadian phase disorder where adolescents experience delayed sleep-onset and hence delayed wake p. 332
45
Sleep-walking
(also known as somnambulism) a type of parasomnia which involves standing up and undertaking actions or tasks while asleep p. 338
46
Speed
the rate at which a person responds to a stimulus in a task p. 269
47
Stimulants
a class of drugs that increase central nervous system and body activity, increasing levels of alertness compared to NWC p. 276
48
Theta waves
medium sized brain waves with low-medium frequency and medium-high amplitude, indicating low levels of alertness p. 276
49
Time orientation
the perception of how much or how little time has elapsed, and the ability to situate things in the past, present or future p. 261
50
Total sleep deprivation
(also known as full sleep deprivation) when an individual has no sleep within a 24 hour period p. 318
51
Ultradian rhythm
changes to physiological function or activity that arise as part of a cycle which occurs within 24 hours p. 293
52
Video monitoring
a type of data collection involving video and sound recordings of an individual in their sleeping period p. 270
53
Zeitgeber
a rhythmically occurring natural phenomenon which acts as a cue in the regulation of the body's circadian rhythms.
54
Blue light
is a range of the visible light spectrum that is emitted from smartphone screens, computer monitors, televisions, LED and fluorescent light bulbs, as well as the sun. Blue light has the most influence on the circadian rhythm through its powerful inhibition of melatonin.

Year 12 Psychology 2025 (10 decks)

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